摘要
注空气采油技术由于气源和成本优势,具有广阔的发展潜力,但是安全问题一直是限制其应用的重要因素。为加快氧气消耗速率,降低生成烟道气中氧气的含量,提高注空气的安全性,进行了原油低温氧化催化技术研究。通过评价过渡金属元素对低温氧化反应的催化效果,筛选了催化剂及其用量;研究了温度、压力、含水率和岩石矿物等对催化性能的影响,并采用多管平行实验研究了不同反应阶段低温氧化反应的特征;在动力学参数计算和红外谱图分析的基础上研究了原油低温氧化催化反应的催化机理。实验结果表明:过渡金属元素Cu对原油低温氧化反应有很好的催化效果,优选的催化剂为CuCl2,最佳用量为原油质量的0.88%,在油藏条件下可提高反应速率近2倍;温度和压力升高对低温氧化反应有促进作用,在所研究的温度、压力和反应阶段内,催化剂的低温氧化催化效果显著;催化剂对原油低温氧化反应的催化机理为配位催化,可显著降低反应的活化能,加快低温氧化反应速率,提高原油的耗氧能力。
The air flooding technology has a broad development potential because of its gas source and price advantages,but the security problem has always been a major factor limiting its application.A study was conducted on the low-temperature oxidation catalytic technology,aiming to accelerate the oxygen consumption rate,reduce oxygen content in the generated flue gas and improve the safety of air flooding.Then the catalyst and its dosage was determined by evaluating the catalytic effect of transition metal elements on lowtemperature oxidation reaction.The influences of temperature,pressure,water content and rock minerals on catalytic performance were also studied.Meanwhile,multi-tube parallel experiments were carried out to study the characteristics of low-temperature oxidation reaction in different stages.The catalytic mechanism of low-temperature oxidation catalytic reaction was investigated on the basis of kinetic parameter calculation and infrared spectrum analysis.The experimental results show that the transition metal element Cu has a good catalytic effect on the low-temperature oxidation reaction of crude oil;CuCl2is selected as the optimal catalyst,and its optimal dosage is 0.88% of the crude oil mass;the reaction rate can be increased by nearly a double under the reservoir conditions.The rising temperature and pressure can promote the low-temperature oxidation reaction,and the low-temperature oxidation catalytic effect is significant within the designed temperature,pressure and reaction stages.The mechanism of catalyst for the low-temperature oxidation reaction of crude oil was coordination catalysis,which can reduce the reaction activation energy significantly,accelerate the low-temperature oxidation reaction rate and enhance the oxygen consumption ability of crude oil.
出处
《石油学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第10期1260-1266,共7页
Acta Petrolei Sinica
基金
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(24720136022A)资助
关键词
注空气
过渡金属
催化剂
动力学参数
配位催化
air injection
transition metal
catalyst
kinetic parameters
coordination catalysis
