摘要
细胞的生长和功能发挥需要特定的内部条件。当外界条件发生变化时,细胞要想保持这种特定的内部环境,需要许多过程的参与,其中最重要的一个部分是RNA代谢调节,其通常涉及一般翻译水平的下降和应激反应,以有利基因翻译的增加。tRNA是翻译机制的一个基本组成部分,在蛋白质合成过程中,它将氨基酸传递给核糖体。tRNA的显著特征之一是高度修饰,这些修饰有大量用途,包括确保翻译的准确性和高效性、维持tRNA折叠或稳定性等。细胞在逆境胁迫条件下,tRNA修饰水平会发生显著变化,并通过不同的途径影响细胞的翻译。本文阐述了tRNA核苷修饰与细胞胁迫之间的相互关系,描述了tRNA修饰响应胁迫应答的可能机制。
Cellular organisms require specific internal conditions for optimal growth and function.Upon variable environments,many strategies have involved to maintain these internal conditions.One of the most important response is the metabolic regulation of RNAs,which usually involves a decrease in the level of general translation and an increase of stress-specific proteins.tRNAs are the fundamental components of the translation machinery as they deliver amino acids to the ribosomes during protein synthesis.Prevalent modifications are one of the characteristics of tRNAs.These modifications have many purposes,including ensuring translation fidelity and efficiency,and maintaining tRNA folding or stability.When cells are subject to stress,tRNA modification levels will change significantly,and affect cell translation through different pathways.In this paper,we review the relationship between tRNA nucleoside modification and cellular stress,and describe the possible mechanisms of tRNA modification in response to cellular stresses.
作者
靳晓焕
张书芹
JIN Xiao-Huan;ZHANG Shu-Qin(Department of Genetic Breeding and Seed Engineering,College of Plant Science and Technology,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China)
出处
《中国生物化学与分子生物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第5期473-479,共7页
Chinese Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
基金
国家重点研发计划(No.2016YFD0101006)资助项目~~
关键词
代谢调节
翻译
转运RNA
核苷修饰
胁迫应答
metabolic regulation
translation
transfer RNA(tRNA)
nucleoside modification
stress response
