摘要
为研究宽浅型河道糙率和桥墩壅水对行洪能力的影响,本研究采用了物理模型试验、数值模拟和经验公式方法分别模拟其水力特性并进行比较分析。通过物理模型试验给出了河道糙率的模拟方法,分别采用4种材料模拟河道护坡:无植被、稀疏植被、稀疏植被中间种植灌木和密集植被。其中,糙率最大的密集植被和糙率最小的无植被护坡条件下各断面水位差均值为0.03 m。结果表明:对于宽浅河道,护坡糙率较大范围的变化对河道行洪能力影响不显著。复杂边界条件和水力条件下桥墩壅水模拟结果表明:二维数学模型比经验公式和一维数学模型能较真实地反映河道边界条件、桥梁长度、桥墩形状对桥墩壅水高度的影响,模拟结果同物理模型试验值较为接近。本研究为宽浅河道安全行洪中糙率评估和桥墩壅水计算提供可靠的参数和依据。
The roughness and backwater of bridge piers are the key parameters,which effect on the flood carrying capacity in a wide-shallow river. In this study,these two parameters are analyzed by physical model test,numerical simulation and empirical formula. The slope protection is simulated by four kinds of materials,namely,no vegetation,sparse vegetation,sparse vegetation and shrub,and dense vegetation. The average water level difference is 0.03 m under the condition of no vegetation and dense vegetation. The results show that the impact on the flood carrying capacity is not significant with the obvious roughness changes in the wide-shallow river. The simulation on the backwater of bridge piers shows the results of the two-dimensional mathematical models, which can reflect the boundary conditions of the river and characteristics of the bridge more really than the empirical formula and one-dimensional mathematical model, are close to the physical model experiments. This study provides a reliable basis for the evaluation of the roughness and the calculation of the pier backwater in the wide-shallow river.
作者
王涛
郭新蕾
李甲振
郭永鑫
周志刚
郭晓明
WANG Tao;GUO Xinlei;LI Jiazhen;GUO Yongxin;ZHOU Zhigang;GUO Xiaoming(State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China;Hunchun Water Conservancy Bureau,Hunchun 133302,China;Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research,Zhengzhou 450003,China)
出处
《水利学报》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第2期175-183,共9页
Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0405103)
国家自然科学基金项目(51679262
51509099)
中国水科院基本科研业务费项目(HY0145C222018
HY0145B642017)
关键词
宽浅河道
糙率
桥墩
壅水
物理模型
数值模拟
wide-shallow river
roughness
backwater
bridge pier
physical model
numerical simulation
