摘要
自然边坡侵蚀在世界各地随处可见 ,然而对自然边坡的侵蚀过程缺乏相关的理论研究 ,包括面蚀、渗透破坏和渠道冲刷。冲刷破坏是由于对土体的切割引起的 ,它与季节性融冻深度密切相关 ,因为融冻状态下 ,土壤的抗剪强度较低 ,水跃发生在渠坡下游 ,土体切割会加速边坡侵蚀进程 ,渗流将引起严重的深层破坏。这些主要受土壤性质和作用在坡面上的附加荷载的影响。最大渗流通常发生在融雪季节 ,研究边坡浸蚀破坏的机理将有助于城市。
Erosion in many natural slope has been observed everywhere in the world.There is ,however, a relative lack of theoretical analysis of the actual slope erosion process.The process includes rupture by over land flow,seepage erosion and erosion by channel discharge.Erosion by water overflow is due to under cutting of the soil mass and it is closely related with seasonal thawing-depth,as the shear strength of soil is weak at the thawing front.Soil under cutting increases with discharge and decreases with the shear strength of the soil.Where a hydraulic jump occurs downstream of the slope,under-cutting can accelerate slope erosion process.Seedpage of water will cause serious erosion at the point where the stream,at the toe of the slope,intersects the slope face.Erosion many also cause slope-local-failure/massive soil movement when slope failure driving force exceeds the resisting force.These forces are affected by soil movement when slope failure driving force exceds the resisting force.These forces are affected by soil properties and surcharge loads acting on an existing slope.Peak flow frequently occurs during snow-melt/break-up period.Better understanding of the mechanisms causing slope erosion will improve the melt/storm water management in urbin,rural and conservation areas.
出处
《东北农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
2003年第3期293-298,共6页
Journal of Northeast Agricultural University
