摘要
目的:探讨全肺切除术后支气管胸膜瘘(BPF)的发生原因和早期处理原则。方法:回顾分析1995～2000年我院全肺切除820例发生支气管胸膜瘘16例的的临床资料。BPF发生于右全肺切除(13/320)多于左全肺切除(3/500);支气管切端癌残留(10/41)多于无癌残留(6/779),术前化疗(5/110)多于未化疗(11/710),70例自体组织覆盖残端未发生BPF。16例早期处理为胸腔穿刺和抗菌素冲洗,证实胸腔感染或支气管胸膜瘘后均给予闭式引流。引流不畅者必要时行胸腔开放引流(5例)。结果:2例痊愈出院(1例早期用5％碳酸氢钠和尿激酶反复冲洗,1例3天后行肌瓣瘘口修补)。8例带闭式引流管出院,4例开放引流后出院,长期换药,1例开放引流后瘘口长期未愈合,1例因全身功能衰竭死亡。结论:BPF的发生同残端的处理和残留癌密切相关,支气管残端用自体组织覆盖,是降低BPF发生的有效手段,对于右全肺切除和术前实施化疗或放疗者,更为重要。BPF的处理原则:早期的反复胸腔穿刺并用5％碳酸氢钠和尿激酶冲洗和留置胸腔,及时的闭式引流是取得治疗脓胸和支气管胸膜瘘良好疗效的有效方法。
Purpose: To evaluate the causes and management of bronchial pleural fistula after pneumonectomy. Methods: Retrqspective analysis for Bronchus-pleural fistula( BPF) of 16 cases after pneumonectomy of 820 cases of lung cancer in our hospital. BPF occurred in right peumonectomy( 13/320) is more than in left pneumonectomy(3/500) . BPF occurred in the positive stump of bronchus ( 10/41) more than in negative stump of bronchus (6/779) ; BPF occurred in preoperative chemotherapy cases( 5/110) more than in non-preoperative chemotherapy cases( 11/710), No BPF occurred in the 70 cases in which the bronchial stump was covered by autogenous tissue. The management principle in early stage is thoracocentesis and wash with antibiotics; after identification of the infection in thoracic cavity or BPF, closed drainage for thorax was done. If the results of drainage are not very good, open drainage is necessary. Results: 2 cases were discharged with completely healing, (the cavity of 1 case was washed again and again with 5% NaHC03and urokinase , another case was operated again to cover the BPF using muscle flaps 3 days after the first operation), 8 cases were discharged with closed drainage, 4 cases were discharged with open drainage changing the wound covering every day, the BPF did not heal for a long time after open drainage in 1 case, 1 case died of function failure of body organs. Conclusions: BPF is related to management of the bronchial stump and radical resection for tumor, It is a useful method to cover the bronchial stump with autogenous tissues to decrease BPF's, especially for right pneumonectomy and preoperative chemotherapy or radiotherapy cases. The management principle of BPF is thoracocentesis for early cases, especially washing with antibiotics and 5% NaHC03and urokinase repeatedly, closed drainage when necessary is also a good method for curing empyema and BPF.
出处
《中国癌症杂志》
CAS
CSCD
2003年第4期373-375,共3页
China Oncology
关键词
肺癌
全肺切除
术
支气管胸膜瘘
原因分析
处理
bronchus-pleural fistula
pneumonectomy
lung cancer
covering the bronchial stump
NaHCO3 washing
