摘要
清代詩畫家湯貽汾(1778—1853)爲記憶親情、感念母德,繪製《吟釵圖》,録母親楊氏(1752—1812)《斷釵吟》七絕二首於其上,遍徵題詠。是時和詩與題畫者甚衆,爲道光、咸豐之間的一大盛事,後輯成《斷釵吟》四卷出版。本文從楊氏《斷釵吟》口占二首與湯貽汾之和詩談起,説明《斷釵吟》徵詩活動與《吟釵圖》的産生,並整理《斷釵吟》的題詠社群。題詠者多從湯貽汾的人際關係延伸而來,而閨秀的家族題詠亦爲一大特色。從楊氏《斷釵吟》的自述,可以了解清代女性的自我觀看和自我呈現的側重點,另由他人題詠作品的切入角度,可以觀察題詠者對《吟釵圖》的觀看視角和性别形塑。《吟釵圖》的詩卷題詠,不僅肯定了女性'才'、'德'並立的典範意義,也彰顯了忠義節孝的價值觀,在當時具有一定的影響力。
The poet and painter of the Qing Dynasty,Tang Yifen(1778-1853),created a painting entitled'Eulogy on a Hairpin'as commemoration and gratitude for his mother.He inscribed two hepta-syllabic quatrains,'Eulogies on a Broken Hairpin,'created by his mother,Nee Yang(1752-1812),on the painting,and called for poetry inscriptions.During the reigns of Emperors Daoguang and Xianfeng,it was popular to write accompanying poetry and inscribe poems on a painting.Afterwards,his works were collected in four fascicles under the title'Eulogies on a Broken Hairpin'for publication.The present study focuses on two improvised'Eulogies on a Broken Hairpin'by Nee Yang and their accompanying poems by Tang Yifen as a point of departure for the discussion of the backgrounds of the call for poetry contributions to'Eulogies on a Broken Hairpin'and the birth of the painting'Eulogy on a Hairpin.'It also summarizes the communities for inscribing poems on'Eulogies on a Broken Hairpin.'The poets inscribing poems on'Eulogies on a Broken Hairpin'were mainly friends and associates of Tang Yifen.These poems feature a style of clan eulogies created by talented women from eminent families.The selfdescriptions of Nee Yang in her'Eulogies on a Broken Hairpin'reveal the focuses of self-perspective and self-presentation of women in the Qing Dynasty.Moreover,from a different perspective one may observe the viewing angle andgender shaping by other poets inscribing poems on the painting'Eulogy on a Hairpin.'The poetry inscriptions on the painting'Eulogy on a Hairpin'not only affirmed women’s'talent'and'virtue,'but also accentuated the values of loyalty and filial piety,which made a certain impact at the time.
作者
卓清芬
Ching-fen Cho(“Central University”,Taiwan)
出处
《人文中国学报》
2018年第2期97-144,共48页
Sino-Humanitas
基金
“科技部”專題計畫“自我觀看與他人形塑——清代女性畫像題詠探析”(101-2410-H-008-057-)
“自我觀看與他人形塑——清代女性畫像題詠探析(二)”(102-2410-H-008-070-)研究成果之一
关键词
湯貽汾
吟釵圖
斷釵吟
清代女性
他人形塑
Tang Yifen
painting'Eulogy on a Hairpin'
'Eulogies on a Broken Hairpin'
women of the Qing Dynasty
shaping of others
