摘要
通过 13年的冬小麦—夏玉米→春玉米轮作体系化肥长期定位试验 ,分析了在北京潮土连续轮作条件下化肥施用的能量效率。能量效率主要用净能量产出和净能量产投比反映。结果表明 :每季高量施入氮肥 (N 2 70kg·hm-2 )的较高能量投入在 3种作物上均未带来相应高的净能量产出 ;而适量施氮 (每季作物N 135kg·hm-2 )获得了较高的净能量产出和净能量产投比 ;同样 ,该轮作体系中适量施磷处理 (P2 O56 7 5kg·hm-2 ·a-1)比高磷处理 (P2 O5135kg·hm-2 ·a-1)的净能量产出和净能量产投比均更高 ;钾肥施用的能量效率表现为春玉米 >夏玉米 >冬小麦 ,且较大程度地受到气候年型的影响。
A long term field experiment with winter wheat summer maize→spring maize rotation system was used to study the effect of mineral fertilizer application on energy efficiency in a fluvoaquic soil in Beijing suburb from 1985 to 1997. The parameter 'net energy output' and 'the ratio of net energy output and input' were used to express the energy efficiency. The results showed that both of the net energy output and the ratio of net energy output and input in higher mineral N application treatment(N 270 kg·hm -2 )were lower than that in lower mineral N application treatment (N 135 kg·hm -2 )in each crop growing season. A rate of P 2O 5 67 5 kg·hm -2 ·a -1 as mineral P fertilizer application obtained a higher net energy output and a higher the ratio of net energy output and input compared with higher P application treatment(P 2O 5 135 kg·hm -2 ·a -1 ). The energy efficiency by K fertilization was spring maize>summer maize>winter wheat, and was affected by weather in different years. The energy efficiency analysis could be a useful tool for the evaluation of mineral fertilizer application, and sustainability of agricultural production system.
出处
《中国农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2003年第3期31-36,共6页
Journal of China Agricultural University
关键词
应用
长期定位试验
化肥
施用技术
能量效率
long term field experiment
energy efficiency
mineral fertilizer
winter wheat-summer maize→spring maize rotation
