摘要
语篇作为多功能的构建体具有三个维度,即语言使用、信念的传递(认知)和社会情景中的互动。本文从语言、社会和认知三个角度对语篇的多维分析作了探讨。对语篇作语言分析必须基于语法的基本结构,但鉴于隐喻在反映现实中的普遍性和重要性,对隐喻的分析当是对语篇进行语言分析不可忽视的部分。同时,除分析经验意义的语言体现外,还应对语篇的社会意义和主题的语言体现进行分析。把语篇作为社会互动加以分析当然要分析体现人际意义的语气结构,但是作为社会实践,语篇必须结合社会结构加以分析,才能显示其社会意义。从评价系统出发的分析是必要的补充。信念传递是一个认知过程。要了解体现信念的主题,需要推理,而推理的语言基础是型式化,推理的依据是从认知语境中提取的知识。语篇的这三个维度是相互联系、相互影响的,在语篇分析中都必须加以考虑。
Discourse as a metafunctional construct is characterized by its three dimensions, that is, language use, the communication of beliefs (cognition), and interaction in social situations. This paper aims to look into the multi-dimensional analysis of discourse from linguistic, social and cognitive perspectives. The linguistic analysis of a discourse has to be based on the basic structures of grammar, but owing to their universality and importance in reflecting reality, metaphors should be taken into account as an integral part of the analysis. Furthermore, not only the linguistic realization of experiential meaning of the discourse, but also the linguistic features of its social meaning and theme should be made the object of study. Discourse as social interaction has to be analyzed in terms of mood structure, but as social practice it has to be studied in relation to social structure so that its social meaning can be brought out. An additional analysis in the light of Appraisal System is an indispensable supplement. The communication of beliefs involves a cognitive process. To understand the theme as the belief to be conveyed in the discourse, inference is called for, and inference has to be made on the basis of linguistic patternings and knowledge accessed from cognitive context. These three dimensions, which interact and influence each other in creating discourse, should all be taken into consideration in discourse analysis.
出处
《外国语》
CSSCI
北大核心
2003年第3期35-42,共8页
Journal of Foreign Languages
