摘要
针对农药雾滴难以穿透果树冠层,雾滴在叶背面附着率低等问题,提出风送喷雾与静电喷雾技术相结合的方法,为阐明各因素对喷雾覆盖率影响的显著性。采用4因素3水平的中心组合设计与响应面分析方法,研究感应电压、风机频率、喷雾距离和喷雾压力对雾滴覆盖率的影响,以正面、反面雾滴覆盖率及其比值为响应值分别建立了二次回归模型。模型的决定系数分别为95.14%、93.68%、93.95%,相对误差分别小于5%、10%和15%。各因素对背正面覆盖率比影响的显著性排序为:充电电压>风机频率>喷雾距离>喷雾压力;对反面覆盖率影响的显著性排序为:充电电压>喷雾距离>喷雾压力>风机频率;对正面覆盖率影响的显著性排序为:喷雾距离>喷雾压力>风机频率>充电电压;荷电雾滴主要受气流曳力和静电力作用,风机频率、感应电压、喷雾距离之间的交互作用对响应面模型有显著性影响,因此合理匹配工作参数有利于提高反面的雾滴覆盖率。该研究为风送静电喷雾机设计与工作参数选择提供依据。
It is difficult to transport pesticide droplet into tree canopy and deposit onto opposite of foliage. In order to solve these problems, air-assisted and electrostatic spraying was proposed. Air-assisted electrostatic spraying is a new pesticide application technology combined air-assisted spraying and electrostatic spraying technology. The charged droplets transport and deposit under theair drag force and electrostatic force, which improved the charged droplet penetration ability and deposition within the crop canopy. The influencing factors of air-assisted electrostatic spray include induced voltage, spray distance, air velocity and spray pressure. To clarify the factors influence on spray coverage. Induced voltage was set 0, 3 and6 k V; Spray distance was 0.5, 1, 1.5 m; Axial fan frequency was 30, 40, 50 Hz; Spray pressure was 0.3, 0.4, 0.5 MPa. CCD(central composite design) and RSM(response surface methodology) were employed to analysis the four factors at three levels. 29 group tests were conducted, which include 24 group analytical factors, 5 group error estimations. Design Expert Version 8 software(Stat-Ease Inc., USA) was used for experimental design, data processing and statistics. Response include positive coverage, opposite coverage and the ratio of opposite and positive coverage. The three response surface models were established by quadratic regression, model determination coefficient was 95.14%, 93.68%, 93.95% respectively. Aiming at the ratio of opposite and positive coverage and opposite coverage maximum, positive coverage less than or equal to 50%.Response surface model was adopted to optimize the working parameters at the constraint condition of induced voltage X1=6k V, fan frequency X2∈[30,50] Hz, spray distance X3∈[0.5,1.5] m and spray pressure X4∈[0.3, 1.5] MPa. At the same time,the models were validated at this condition, and the positive predictive coverage was 50%, the negative coverage rate was3.69%, the ratio of opposite and positive coverage was 7.52%. The relative error was 4%, 9.
出处
《农业工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第S2期52-59,共8页
Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
基金
江苏省农业科技自主创新项目(CX(13)3022)
公益性行业(农业科研专项经费资助)(201220025)
关键词
农业机械
喷雾
模型
静电喷雾
风送喷雾
覆盖率
响应面
影响因素
agricultural machinery
spraying
models
electrostatic spray
air-assisted spray
coverage
response surface
factors
