摘要
“摄”在汉译佛经中具有不同于一般中土文献的“获得(佛土等)”“收取(众生)”义,是译经者受梵语的影响,把动词词根√grah的引申义移植给汉语词“摄”的结果。这种用法萌芽于东汉时期译经,在两晋、六朝时期得到发展,逐步固定为专门的佛经译语。因此,在汉译佛经中,表示“获得”“收取”义的“摄”及相关词语大量出现,而在一般中土文献中则极少见用,仅作为佛教语保留在与佛教有关的文献中。
This article examines the unusual meaning of the frequently used word she(摄),which means ’ obtain’ and ’ accept’,based on materials both in classical Chinese and Sanskrit, and makes corrections to related dictionaries. Additionally, we also show that this meaning is the result of semantic transfer. During early Buddhist translations, some translators imposed the extending meaning of the Sanskrit verbal root √ grah on Chinese, and then this sense became gradually fixed.
作者
张雨薇
Zhang Yuwei(Zhejiang University)
基金
2017年度国家社会科学基金项目“中古汉语心理动词研究”(17BYY163)的阶段性成果
关键词
摄
词义来源
词义移植
梵汉对勘
she(摄)
origin of the lexical meaning
functional transfer
Sanskrit-Chinesecomparative analysis
