摘要
现有研究对社会资本与自主创新能力间的关系存在不同的认识,包括正向影响和负向影响两种不同观点。之所以出现这种矛盾的理论观点,其中原因之一是忽视了情境条件的作用。本文基于权变分析视角,探讨企业在何种情境条件下积累社会资本能够提升或阻碍其自主创新能力发展。基于300家中国企业样本,采用多源、多次的纵向追踪研究方法,本研究发现:在进取者战略导向强和嵌入性知识存量多的企业中,社会资本能够提升企业自主创新能力;在防御者战略导向强的企业中,社会资本反而会阻碍自主创新能力提升;编码性知识存量不同的企业之间,社会资本对企业自主创新能力提升的差异化影响并不显著。本研究明确了社会资本向社会负债的转换条件,整合了社会资本与自主创新能力间存在冲突的理论争论,区分了不同类型知识在社会资本与自主创新能力关系中的不同影响机制,并进一步拓展与补充了社会资本理论和技术创新理论。
Firm's capability to innovate endogenously is critical to its sustainable competitive advantage. Generally speaking, there are two pathways to enhance firm's endogenous innovation capability, the first approach is to initiate innovation by its own; the second one is to adopt the resources and opportunity embedded in the firm's social network, and combine firm's endogenous innovation capability with external resources and capabilities. When referring to the literature, we observe that two totally different perspectives exist in the relationship between social capital and endogenous innovation capability in the prior research, which includes positive effect and negative effect, and resulting confusing understanding among the scholars. We argue that one of the causes of the contradictory findings is ignoring the contingency factors. Given the inconsistence of the finding on the relationship between social capital and firm's endogenous innovation capability, this paper takes contingency perspective, and explores the research question: When social capital will enhance or reduce firm's endogenous innovation capability. By using 300 firms' samples, and adopting multi-source, multi-time research design, we find that, when firm adopts stronger prospector strategic orientation or has more embedded knowledge, its social capital will enhance firm's endogenous innovation capability; When firm adopts stronger defender strategic orientation, its social capital will hamper firm's endogenous innovation capability; While codified knowledge does not significantly moderate the relationship between firm's social capital and the endogenous innovation capability. This paper clarifies the condition from social capital to endogenous innovation capability, reconciles the conflicting theoretical views between them, and compares the differential effect of knowledge characteristics between them. Our findings have theoretical implication for social capital theory, innovation theory and knowledge-based view, and also propose two managerial sug
出处
《南开管理评论》
CSSCI
北大核心
2017年第5期131-143,共13页
Nankai Business Review
基金
国家自然科学基金青年项目(71302128)
教育部人文社会科学青年基金项目(12YJC630011)资助
关键词
社会资本
自主创新能力
战略导向
知识基础
Social Capital
Endogenous Innovation Capability
Strategic Orientation
Knowledge Base
