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皱纹盘鲍自污染及其对幼鲍生长及成活率的影响 被引量:11

Self-pollution caused by Haliotis discus hannai Ino and effects of the self-pollution on growth and survival rate of the larvae
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摘要 在水温12~14℃条件下,进行了不同自污染程度对皱纹盘鲍HaliotisdiscushannaiIno幼鲍生长和成活率影响的生产规模试验。结果表明,随着换水频率或水交换量的减小,总氨(TNH+4-N)、活性磷(PO4-P)、亚硝态氮(NO-2-N)和化学耗氧量(CODMn)的含量增加(单位体重鲍所对应的平均污染速率依次为0 176、0 050、0 184、0 294mg/(g·d)),pH下降。自污染对成活率影响较小,对生长影响较大。总氨和pH是自污染水中影响幼鲍生长的主要因子。天然水(pH=8 11±0 06)条件下,总氨对幼鲍相对增长率的EC5(使相对增长率下降5%的总氨浓度)为0 18mg/L(非离子氨为0 004mg/L),EC10(使相对增长率下降10%的总氨浓度)为0 307mg/L(非离子氨为0 007mg/L);总氨在0 75mg/L(非离子氨0 02mg/L)以下时对幼鲍成活率无明显影响。pH的下降对幼鲍的相对增长率有影响,pH的频繁波动对幼鲍相对增重率影响明显。加入Na2CO3适当提高pH,对幼鲍生长有促进作用。作者建议用总氨作为监控鲍养殖闭路循环体系的水质指标,推荐总氨警戒线为0 30mg/L,危险线为0 8mg/L。pH为辅助指标。 Pilot-scale tests were conducted to study effect of self-pollution on growth and survival rate of larvae of Haliotis discus hannai Ino at a temperature of 12~14℃. The results revealed that the contents of NH+4-N, NO-2-N, PO4-P and CODMn increased as a rate of 0.176, 0.050, 0.184, 0.294 mg/(g·d) as water exchange cycle was infrequently or water exchange volume decrease respectively. There were no significant effects of self-pollution on survival rate but on relative growth. Ammonia nitrogen and pH were predominant factors which affects growth of larvae under self-pollution. EC5 of total ammonia was 0.18 mg/L for relative growth of the larvae, with unionized ammonia (UIA) of 0.004 mg/L, EC10 of 0.307 mg/L and UIA of 0.007 mg/L. There were significant effects of decrease and frequent fluctuation in pH value on relative weight gain. However, growth rate was improved by moderate high pH by Na2CO3 addition. It is recommends that total ammonia act as an indicator of recirculation aquaculture system.
出处 《大连水产学院学报》 CSCD 北大核心 2003年第1期1-6,共6页 Journal of Dalian Fisheries University
基金 大连市科委资助项目 辽宁省高校科研资助项目(20102135)
关键词 自污染 皱纹盘鲍 水质 生长 成活率 self-pollution Haliotis discus hannai Ino water quality growth survival rate
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