摘要
文明起源不是一次完成的历史事件,而是长达5000年的世界历史过程,一个相对独立的世界历史时代。包含三个阶段:第一阶段是三大物质前提奠基期,从距今一万年前开始,"农业———新石器———陶器",构成相互联系的三大技术创新;第二阶段是距今七八千年前,"铜器———城市———文字"三大文明要素生成期;第三阶段是距今五千年上下,原始国家的起源成了文明形成的总体标志。湖南玉蟾岩、江西仙人洞等考古发现表明,中国文明起源不同于环地中海地带的西方文明起源的一个显著特色,是农业、新石器、陶器这三大技术创新源头,有可能进一步上溯到近一万五千年前。
The origin of civilization is not a historical event that was completed once and for all. Rather, it is a world historical process that had been going on for as long as 5000 years. It is a relatively independent world historical epoch that has three phases. During the first one, starting from about 10000 years ago, the material foundations for civilizationagriculture, neolith and pottery tools, which constituted the three technical innovationshad been set. The second phase can be traced back to 7000 or 8000 years ago, when bronze ware, cities and writing, which are also known as the three elements for civilization, eventually took shape. The third phase began about 5000 years ago, marked by the appearance of ancient states, an overall symbol for the formation of civilization. Archaeological findings on YuChanYan in HuNan Province, and XianRenDong in JiangXi province indicate that the origin of the Chinese civilization has prominent features different from those of the Western world in the Mediterranean area. The appearance of the three great technical innovations, agriculture, neolith and pottery tools, can be possibly traced back to 15000 years ago in China.
出处
《吉林大学社会科学学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2003年第2期85-91,共7页
Jilin University Journal Social Sciences Edition
关键词
文明起源
三大阶段
马克思
摩尔根
中国特色
the origin of civilization
three phases
Marx
Morgan
Chinese characteristics
