摘要
本文利用宁夏自治区2001-2008年学生高考数据和区县教育经费数据,采用准实验思路下的动态面板模型,分析了高考表现与教育经费投入之间的关系,发现在地方公立高中存在按高考表现绩效拨款的证据。研究表明,一本率和考上顶尖大学学生数量是教育部门分配资源时重点考虑的指标,而二本率和高考标准化成绩平均分对经费投入影响不显著;高考的收入影响表现在事业费拨款的增加和其它拨款的减少上,额外增加的支出主要用于公用经费支出而非人员经费支出;教育支出的增加对于提高一本率和高考标准化成绩平均分有积极作用,但对于增加进入顶尖大学的学生数量以及提高二本率并无帮助。本文的研究发现对基础教育投入的绩效问责有重要的政策意义。
Based on data of all students who took Gaokao(college entrance exam) in Ningxia Autonomous Region and county-level data from China Educational Finance Statistics in 2001-2008,using a dynamic panel data model under the quasi-experimental idea,this paper examines the simultaneous causal relationship between Gaokao performance and educational investment. The result shows a clear evidence of pay for Gaokao performance in public high schools in China.Specifically,the percent of students above the first-tier admission cutoff and the number of students above top universities' cutoffs are the key performance indicators in education investment by local governments,while the percent of students above the second-tier admission cutoff and average standardized scores are not that important. Heterogeneity analysis shows that the additional school revenues mostly come from the fiscal account,with the decrease in out-of-budget funding;school expenditures concentrate on operation functions but not on teacher salaries. Lastly,educational investment is highly correlated with school's Gaokao performance in terms of the percent of students above the first-tier admission cutoff,and average standardized scores,but it does not have significant impacts on the second-tier or promoting students into top universities. These findings have crucial policy implications for performance pay designs in fundamental education.
出处
《教育与经济》
CSSCI
北大核心
2017年第3期25-35,51,共12页
Education & Economy
基金
国家自然科学基金2016年面上项目"‘教育致贫’与‘教育脱贫’:现状及相关政策评估--基于国家贫困人口建档立卡数据的研究"(71613013)
教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地北京大学教育经济研究所2016年度重大项目"经济新常态下的教育扶贫与教育公平研究"(16JJD880001)资助
关键词
绩效拨款
学校问责
高中产出
经费投入
Pay for Performance
School Accountability
High School Production
Education Investment
