摘要
车-人接触碰撞事故作为一种典型的交通事故类型,包含车、人、地三个系统,涉及变量众多,再现过程复杂。其中,人-地接触摩擦因数作为典型的输入参数,对事故再现结果有着重要影响。传统的交通事故数值再现计算中,摩擦因数一般作为定值输入,其仿真结果与实际物理过程存在较大偏差。通过纤维-粗糙路面接触的简化物理模型探讨车-人交通事故中人-地接触摩擦的非线性关系,提出针对车-人碰撞交通事故的人-地摩擦因数与法向力函数关系的构造方法,并通过典型车-人碰撞事故案例对其进行了验证。案例分析表明,基于上述方法构造的摩擦因数数学模型可减小仿真结果与实际物理过程的偏差,从而为交通事故鉴定提供更为准确有力的技术依据。将接触摩擦力学应用于交通事故再现数值计算的思想为后续相关研究提供了参考。
As a typical kind of traffic accident, vehicle-pedestrian collision contains vehicle, pedestrian and ground which is a multi-body system and involves lots of variables, making it rather difficult to build the reconstruction model. Among all the input variables, pedestrian-ground friction coefficient is one of the most important ones and has a decisive effect on the final computation result. Friction coefficient is usually considered as constant value in traditional traffic accident reconstruction which is far from the real physical case and thus engender fairly great error in computation. The nonlinear relationship of contact friction between pedestrian and ground is investigated based on the simplified physicalmodelof fiber-rough road surface contact. Method of construction the function about friction coefficient and normal force in car-pedestrian collision traffic accident is also proposed and a real case is employed to verify the validity of the above method. The analysis indicates that model constructed by the above method can greatly reduce the deviation between simulation and real case, which may provide more convincing technical basis for the traffic accident identification. The idea of applying the principle of contact friction mechanics to the traffic accident reconstruction also gives some reference for further exploration.
作者
张晓云
杨小波
张东明
侯心一
ZHANG Xiaoyun;YANG Xiaobo;ZHANG Dongming;HOU Xinyi(School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240;Traffic Police Brigade, Shanghai Municipal Public Security Bureau, Shanghai 200070)
出处
《机械工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第24期174-180,共7页
Journal of Mechanical Engineering
基金
上海市自然科学基金资助项目(13ZR1422300)
关键词
车-人交通事故
摩擦
非线性
数值仿真
car-pedestrian traffic accident
friction
nonlinear
numerical simulation
