摘要
根据沙湾县地下水系统与外部环境的关系,结合灌区1998-2017年的地下水位平均埋深资料,采用Pearson、Kendall和Spearman秩次相关检验3种方法,分析了近20 a灌区变化环境的变化趋势及对地下水动态的影响;运用主成分回归分析法确定影响灌区地下水埋深变化的主要驱动因素。结果表明:近20 a来,灌区年均气温呈不显著增加趋势,降水呈不显著减少趋势,近10 a(2008-2017年)在a=0.01水平上地表水灌溉量呈显著减少趋势,灌溉面积、节水灌溉面积及地下水开采量均呈显著增加趋势;地下水动态变化的驱动因子为地下水开采、地表水灌溉、节水灌溉、灌溉面积、气温、降水,影响程度依次降低;人为活动对地下水动态起主导作用,其中以地下水为主要水源的节水灌溉面积的增加是造成地下水位下降的主要原因。研究区在实施退耕还林、机井封填的同时还需要通过调整农业结构,提高农灌效率,节水灌溉结合地表、地下水来实现地下水资源的可持续利用。
According to the relationship between the groundwater system and the external environment in Shawan county, combined with the data of the average buried depth of the groundwater level in the irrigation area from 1998 to 2017, three correlation rank test methods, including Pearson, Kendall and Spearman, were adopted to analyze the environment changing trend of the irrigation area in the nearly 20 years and its influence on the groundwater dynamics. The principal component regression analysis was used to determine the main driving factors affecting the change of groundwater depth in irrigation areas. The results showed that in the past 20 years, the average annual temperature in the irrigation area presented an insignificant increase trend, while the precipitation presented an insignificant decrease trend. In the past 10 years(2008-2017), the surface water irrigation amount presented a significant decrease trend at the level of a=0.01, and the irrigation area, water-saving irrigation area and groundwater exploitation all presented a significant increase trend. The driving factors of groundwater dynamic change are groundwater mining, surface water irrigation, water-saving irrigation, irrigation area, air temperature and precipitation, and the influence degree decreases successively. Human activities play a leading role in groundwater dynamics, among which the increase of water-saving irrigation area with groundwater as the main water source is the main reason for the decrease of groundwater level. The sustainable utilization of groundwater resources in the study area should be realized by adjusting agricultural structure, improving agricultural irrigation efficiency, and combining water-saving irrigation with surface and underground water while converting farmland to forests and filling wells.
作者
刘婕
杨鹏年
阚建
高宇阳
LIU Jie;YANG Peng-nian;KAN Jian;GAO Yu-yang(College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China)
出处
《节水灌溉》
北大核心
2019年第3期53-58,共6页
Water Saving Irrigation
基金
国家自然科学基金"干旱区地下水系统中典型有机物运移机理及其污染风险评价研究"(U1503282)
关键词
地下水埋深
变化环境
趋势分析
驱动因子
groundwater depth
changing circumstances
trend analysis
driving factors
