摘要
以玛纳斯河流域山前平原为例 ,论述我国西北内陆盆地地下水资源特点和组成 ,即地表水 -地下水联系密切、转化频繁。在已建立的研究区地下水流数值模拟模型的基础上 ,进行地下水均衡分析 ,得出研究区多年地下水补给资源量为 5 9816× 10 4 m3/a、可开采资源量为 396 90× 10 4 m3/a、地下水可利用量为 44 6 90× 10 4 m3/a。给出了不同水文地质分带的地表水 -地下水转化关系和转化量 ,预测需水量以每年 1.5 6 %～ 2 .17%的速度增长情况下 ,到 2 0 2 0洪积扇的中上部地下水位下降幅 2～ 5m ,而在溢出带以下下降小于 2m ,含水层的贮存量累计减少了6 85 0 0 .88× 10 4 m3。提出了地下水的合理开发利用模式 ,并将研究区分为 4个水资源开发利用分区 :冲洪积扇上部地表水利用区、中部地下水集中开采区、冲积扇缘井泉灌区和冲积平原井渠并灌区。
This paper focuses on the characteristics and development of groundwater resources in inland basin of northwest China as an example of Manas plain. On the basis of numeric groundwater-flow modeling in Manas plain, the groundwater budget is made and analyzed, as well as groundwater evaluation was presented. The average annual recharge rate is about 59 816×10 4m 3/a, the safe yield is about 39 690×10 4m 3/a and available quantity of groundwater is about 44 690×10 4m 3/a. By means of the model, the exchangeable quantities between surface water and groundwater between hydrogeological zones were calculated. At the increase rate for groundwater demand is 1.57%～2.17% per year, the model forecasted that in year 2020 the drawdown of groundwater level in the upper and middle part of the fan will be about 2～5m while the below the overflow zone will be 2m less, thus the storage of groundwater in aquifer will decrease 68 500.88×10 4m 3 accumulatively. The reasonable development pattern of water resources in this area is proposed: adequate utilization of regulative function of groundwater reservoir, appropriate enhancement of groundwater development and paying attention to environmental consequences. Four zones for developing water resources in Manas Plain are suggested at the end of this paper: the upper-fan surface water utilization zone, the middle-fan groundwater exploitation zone, the fan-fringe spring irrigation zone and alluvial plain conjuntive surface water and groundwater irrigation zone.
出处
《干旱区地理》
CSCD
北大核心
2003年第1期6-11,共6页
Arid Land Geography
基金
国家"九五"重点科技攻关项目 ( 96 -912 -0 1-0 3)
水利部科技创新项目 (SCX2 0 0 0 -39)
