摘要
"萨满"一词源自通古斯语saman与北美印第安语shamman,之后逐渐演变成北方民族宗教(萨满教)中,神与人之间沟通的桥梁——巫师的称呼。[1]萨满教信仰"万物有灵","萨满"通过祭祀或仪式为其信徒解决一些生活中遇到的困难或病痛。关于学者们对"萨满"的研究,最早可见1914年善之在《地学杂志》上发表的《萨满教》,[2]公开发表的相关学术论文数量在2004年以后呈上涨趋势,2010年后明显增多,研究方向逐步拓宽,纵向不断向深层次挖掘。研究的主题以萨满教、满洲族、权利主体、蒙古族、萨满文化等为主,涉及的民族有满族、蒙古族、维吾尔族、藏族、汉族、鲜卑族、羌族等多个民族,涉及文化领域包含民间文学、语言文化、民俗文化等文化领域。研究的地域范围以东北和蒙古地区居多,因为"萨满教"曾一度在东北地区被广泛信奉,至今信徒的数量也不在少数,开发和利用萨满文献能够推动萨满文化研究的发展,是研究者们更好地做学问的行之有效的方式。
The word'shaman'originated from saman in Tunguz and shamman,in North America,and gradually evolved into the name of wizard,the bridge between God and man in northern ethnic religion(Shamanism).Shamanism believes that there is spirit in all things,and Shaman solves some difficulties or illnesses in life for its followers through sacrifices or rituals.As far as the scholars’research on Shaman is concerned,we can see the shamanism published in the Journal of Geosciences in 1914 at the earliest.The number of relevant academic papers published in public after 2004 is called a rising trend,and after 2010,the number of relevant academic papers has increased significantly.Step by step to broaden,longitudinal continue to dig deep.The theme of the study is Shamanism,Manchu,the main body of rights,Mongolia,Shaman culture,and so on,involving the Manchu,Mongolian,Uyghur,Tibetan,Han,Xianbei,Qiang and other ethnic groups.The cultural field includes folk literature,language and culture,folk culture and other cultural fields.The geographical scope of the study is mostly in the Northeast and Mongolia,because'Shamanism'was once widely believed in the Northeast region,and the number of believers is still quite large,and the development and utilization of shaman literature can promote the development of shaman cultural research.Is for researchers to do a better job of learning.In an effective way.
作者
张净
ZHANG Jing(Jilin province library,Changchun Jilin 130000,China)
出处
《吉林省教育学院学报》
2019年第4期136-139,共4页
Journal of Jilin Provincial Institute of Education
基金
萨满文献资源整理与开发利用研究(课题编号:WK2018A107)
关键词
萨满
文献
开发
利用
shaman
document
develop
use
