摘要
调查高山茶园、中山茶园、低山茶园的结网型蜘蛛和游猎型蜘蛛群落结构,以生态学指数分析其物种多样性,以NMDS排序、ANOSIM检验及SMPER等方法,分析不同海拔茶园结网型、游猎型蜘蛛群落结构的差异性.结果表明:结网型蜘蛛、游猎型蜘蛛总个体数、总物种数及优势种均表现为高山茶园高,低山茶园低;高山茶园结网型蜘蛛丰富度和均匀度指数显著低于其它两个茶园,高山茶园游猎型蜘蛛丰富度指数显著高于其它两个茶园,其他指数无显著差异.NMDS与ANOSIM检验结果表明,结网型、游猎型蜘蛛群落均表现为高山茶园与低山茶园差异较大,与中山茶园差异较小.三种茶园的结网型、游猎型蜘蛛群落结构均存在极显著差异.SMPER分析结果,高山茶园与低山茶园的结网型蜘蛛的平均相异性是36.36%,游猎型蜘蛛的平均相异性是29.80%;与中山茶园结网型蜘蛛的平均相异性是61.10%,游猎型蜘蛛的平均相异性是57.37%.研究表明,海拔和良好的生境条件是影响两种蜘蛛亚群落的主要效应因子,高海拔茶园蜘蛛物种多样性稳定,农药的使用导致低海拔单一茶园两种蜘蛛亚群落的稀有物种大量减少,缺失物种增多.
the community structure of netting spiders and hunting spiders in tea plantations at different altitudes(High mountain t、Middle mountain and low mountain)was investigated,and their species diversity was analyzed by ecological index.The NMDS sorting,ANOSIM test and SMPER method were used to analyze the differences in the structure of the netting type and hunting spider community at different altitudes.The results showed that the total number of individuals,species and dominant species of the spiders were higher in high mountain tea plantation and lower in low mountain tea plantation.The richness and evenness index of the netting type spider in alpine tea plantation were significantly lower than those in the other two tea plantations,and the richness index of hunting spider in alpine tea plantation was significantly higher than that in the other two tea plantations.The results of NMDS and ANOSIM test showed that the netting type and hunting spider community showed a great difference between high mountain tea plantation and low mountain tea plantation,and the difference was small compared with the middle mountain tea plantation.There were significant differences in the netting and hunting spider community structures of the three tea plantations(P<0.001).According to SMPER analysis,the average dissimilarity of netting spiders in high mountain tea plantations and low mountain tea plantations is 36.36%,and the average dissimilarity of hunting spider 29.80%;the average dissimilarity with spiders in hunting tea plantations is 61.10%,The average dissimilarity of the hunting spiders 57.37%.Studies have shown that Altitude and good habitat conditions are the main effect factors affecting the two subfamilies of spiders.The species diversity of high altitude tea plantation spiders is stable,and the rare species of two spider sub-communities in low altitude single tea plantations are reduced and the number of missing species is increased.
作者
邢树文
梁秀霞
XING Shu-wen;LIANG Xiu-xia(School of Food Engineering and Biotechnology,Hanshan Normal University,Chaozhou,Guangdong521041;Library,Hanshan Normal University,Chaozhou,Guangdong521041)
出处
《韩山师范学院学报》
2019年第3期25-33,共9页
Journal of Hanshan Normal University
基金
“广东省特色重点学科（生物学）”建设项目
广东省教育厅特色创新类项目（项目编号：2014KTSCX160）
潮州市科技计划项目（项目编号：2014N09）
关键词
茶园
蜘蛛群落
相关性效应因子
特征物种
相似性
tea plantation
spider community
correlation effect factor
characteristic species
similarity
