摘要
本文以美国斯坦福大学胡佛研究院档案馆藏蒋介石日记、台湾"国史馆"藏蒋介石档案和外交部档案、广东省档案馆藏财政厅档案、中国第二历史档案馆和重庆档案馆编四联总处史料集、民国报刊杂志等原始史料为依据,考察了国民政府管控侨汇的机构、政策、流向变迁历程及其成效。认为战时侨汇是外汇的重要组成部分,是国家金融抗战和军事国防联动布局的关键物资,国民政府对侨汇管控有其金融抗战和国防战略部署的双重需要。抗战时期国民政府的侨汇管控存在着复杂的政策调整和隶属机构的变迁,这些措施增加了海外侨汇流入祖国。四联总处、财政部、中国银行和中央银行对战时侨汇管控做出重要贡献。文中1940—1945年度中国银行经收美元和英镑外币侨汇数额的统计图,填补了战时侨汇本币和外币统计数据欠缺的空白。
This paper is based on Chiang Kai-Shek Dairies at the Hoover Institution, the archives on Chiang Kai-Shek at the National Historical Archives and the Foreign Ministry Archives in Taiwan, the archives of Department of Finance at the Provincial Archives of Guangdong, the historical materials on the Joint Board of Four Government Banks at the No.2 National Archives of History in Nanjing and the Municipal Archives from Chongqing as well as magazines and journals published during the Republican era. It examines the organization, policies, transformation and effects of the policy of overseas remittance control of the Republican government. Overseas remittance was the key part of a nation's foreign exchange reserve, and was crucial to the national finance and defense, especially during the war period. This article argues that a huge amount of remittance from overseas did flow into China during the war period. Moreover, it points out that the topdecision making figures and financial institutions of the Republican government performed well during the war time. The central authorities strengthened their control over the Chinese currency and foreign exchange while facilitating their integration, which not only paved a way for the victory of the war, but also met the needs of Overseas Chinese and their families.
出处
《华侨华人历史研究》
CSSCI
2016年第3期68-79,共12页
Journal of Overseas Chinese History Studies
基金
浙江大学中央高校基本科研业务费资助的研究成果
关键词
抗战时期
国民政府
侨汇研究
侨汇管控
金融保障
四联总处
Anti-Japanese War period
Republican government of China
overseas remittance studies
financial security
Joint Board of Four Government Banks
