摘要
以利害权衡为标尺,农民自杀主要存在着利己型自杀、利他型自杀、报复型自杀与绝望型自杀4种理想类型。同时基于目的动机可分为12种经验类型,其中,利己型自杀分为逃避性自杀、脱苦性自杀和出气性自杀3种;利他型自杀分为殉节性自杀、减负性自杀和担责性自杀3种;报复型自杀分为辩诬性自杀、威胁性型自杀、惩罚性自杀3种;绝望型自杀分为价值性自杀、情感性自杀与生存性自杀等3种。社会整合和社会规范的强弱与农民选择自杀的类型高度相关。社会整合强度与社会规范强度呈现集聚的形态,其自杀类型向利他与报复或利己与绝望两端集聚;社会整合强度与社会规范强度均适中,其自杀类型的分布则显现出离散的特征。
According to the suicides' intent or purpose, the paper classified the suicide action into four ideal types: egoism suicide, altruistic suicide, vengeful suicide and despairing suicide. Among of them, egoism suicide concluded suicide for escaping from responsibility, suicide for getting rid of pain, suicide for venting one's anger. Altruistic suicide concluded suicide for martyrdom, affording responsibility and easing the burden. Vengeful suicide concluded suicide for opposing false accusation, punishment and threatening. Despairing suicide concluded suicide for value desperation, feeling desperation and surviving desperation. The social integration and social norm were highly related to the peasant's suicide types. While the degree of social integration and social norm presents concentrated form, the suicide types distributes toward the altruistic suicide and vengeful suicide or egoism suicide and despairing suicide. If the degree of social integration and social norm presents moderate form, the suicide types will distribute toward discrete characteristics.
出处
《湖南农业大学学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
2014年第1期28-33,共6页
Journal of Hunan Agricultural University(Social Sciences)
基金
国家社会科学基金青年项目(13CSH004)
中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2013M531727)
关键词
农民自杀
自杀目的
理想类型
经验类型
社会分布
peasant's suicide
suicide purpose
ideal type
empirical type
social distribution
