摘要
传统的清耕果园土壤肥力持续下降,而果园生草作为一种新兴的果园管理模式,对改善果园土壤状况具有重要的作用.本试验利用Biolog微平板技术,对苹果园清耕、苹果∕白三叶间作、苹果∕小冠花间作、苹果/鸡脚草间作这4种管理模式下土壤微生物群落功能多样性进行了研究,探讨了果园不同生草条件下土壤微生物群落的碳源利用特征,为揭示生草果园土壤生态学过程的驱动机制提供参考.结果表明,不同处理的微生物群落功能多样性差异显著,总体趋势为白三叶>小冠花>鸡脚草>清耕.相关性分析表明,4个处理土壤微生物的平均颜色变化率(average well color development,AWCD)、Shannon指数、丰富度指数、Mc Intosh指数与土壤有机碳、全氮、微生物量碳呈极显著正相关,Shannon指数与p H呈显著正相关.主成分分析与碳代谢图谱分析表明:生草处理提高了土壤微生物对碳源的利用能力,其中豆科牧草白三叶与小冠花土壤微生物对糖类(N-乙酰-D-葡萄糖胺、D-甘露醇、β-甲基-D-葡萄糖苷)、氨基酸类(甘氨酰-L-谷氨酸、L-丝氨酸、L-苏氨酸)、多聚物类(吐温40、肝糖)的利用代谢能力显著高于清耕处理.可见,生草处理与清耕处理土壤微生物群落形成了各自独特的群落结构与特点.
As soil fertility in apple orchard with clean tillage is declined continuously,interplanting herbage in orchard,which is a new orchard management model,plays an important role in improving orchard soil conditions. By using biolog micro-plate technique,this paper studied the functional diversity of soil microbial community under four species of management model in apple orchards,including clear tillage model,interplanting white clover model,interplanting small crown flower model and interplanting cocksfoot model,and the carbon source utilization characteristics of microbial community were explored,which could provide a reference for revealing driving mechanism of ecological process of orchard soil. The results showed that the functional diversity of microbial community had a significant difference among different treatments and in the order of white clover > small crown flower > cocksfoot > clear tillage. The correlation analysis showed that the average well color development( AWCD),Shannon index,Richness index and Mc Intosh index were all highly significantly positively correlated with soil organic carbon,total nitrogen,microbial biomass carbon,and Shannon index was significantly positively correlated with soil p H. The principal component analysis and the fingerprints of the physiological carbon metabolism of the microbial community demonstrated that grass treatments improved carbon source metabolic ability of soil microbial community,and the soil microbes with perennial legumes( White Clover and small crown flower) had a significantly higher utilization rate in carbohydrates( N-Acetyl-D-Glucosamine,D-Mannitol,β-Methyl-D-Glucoside),amino acids( Glycyl-L-Glutamic acid,LSerine,L-Threonine) and polymers( Tween 40,Glycogen) than the soil microbes with clear tillage. It was considered that different treatments had the unique microbial community structure and peculiar carbon source utilization characteristics.
出处
《环境科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第11期4260-4267,共8页
Environmental Science
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31570623)
公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201103005-9
201303104)
国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-28)
陕西省农业专项(K332021313)
关键词
BIOLOG
土壤微生物群落
功能多样性
生草果园
biolog
soil microbial community
functional diversity
orchard with interplanting herbage
