摘要
为提高污水深度处理效能和工艺运行的稳定性,研究以序批式膜生物反应器(SMBR)与传统膜生物反应器(MBR)为对象,对比研究其脱氮除磷特性、缺氧时间对工艺效率的影响及膜污染控制策略,同时应用分子生物学技术对两种工艺中微生物群落结构和组成进行分析.结果表明,间歇曝气能强化系统脱氮,使SMBR工艺去除总氮效果优于MBR,而在氨氮、总磷、COD、浊度去除方面两者无明显差异,去除率分别为94%、78%、80%、97%.延长SMBR工艺缺氧时间对COD、氨氮去除无显著影响,降低了总氮、总磷的去除率,总氮去除率由61%下降到46%,总磷由74%下降到52%.采用间歇曝气和投加一定浓度的粉末活性炭(PAC)均有利于减缓膜污染.微生物群落分析发现,两种工艺中微生物群落结构和组成无显著差异,硝化螺菌属(Nitrospira)和脱氯单胞菌属(Dechloromonas)为系统中的高丰度功能菌群,为工艺高效运行提供了生物学基础.
To improve the efficiency and running stability of wastewater advanced treatment,a sequencing membrane bioreactor( SMBR) and a traditional membrane bioreactor( MBR) were used to investigate the characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus removal,and the effect of anoxic time on treatment systems and membrane fouling. Simultaneously,molecular biology techniques were applied to analyze the composition of microbial community and the structure of suspended sludge. The results showed that SMBR had higher efficiency in removing TN than MBR,which indicated that intermittent aeration could enhance the ability of nitrogen removal.SMBR and MBR had a similar removal efficiency of NH+4-N,TP,COD,and turbidity with the removal rates of 94%,78%,80%,and 97%,respectively. Extension of SMBR anoxic time had no effect on COD,NH+4-N removal but decreased TN and TP removal rate,dropping from 61% and 74% to 46% and 52%,respectively. Intermittent aeration and powder activated carbon( PAC) could both mitigate membrane fouling. The analysis on microbial community indicated that there was no difference in the composition and structure of microbial community between SMBR and MBR. Nitrospira and Dechloromonas were both highly abundant functional groups,which provided the basis for highly efficient control of bioreactors.
出处
《环境科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第3期1013-1020,共8页
Environmental Science
基金
广东省科技计划项目(2012B031000025)
粤海水务科技特派员工作站项目(2012B090900018)
关键词
膜生物反应器
膜污染
脱氮除磷
微生物群落
间歇曝气
粉末活性炭
membrane bioreactor
membrane fouling
nitrogen and phosphorus removal
microbial community
intermittent aeration
powder activated carbon
