摘要
为全面了解河南省禹州市煤矿周边土壤和农作物中的重金属污染现状.对禹州市的某3个典型矿区(下文称为A、B和C矿区)周围土壤和主要谷类农作物(玉米和小麦)进行了调研和采样分析,并采用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(ICP-MS)测定其重金属含量,同时通过单因子指数法和内梅罗综合指数法评价了煤矿周围土壤的污染状况,并利用MMSOILS风险评价模型评价了食用当地谷类农作物对成人和儿童造成的重金属健康风险.结果表明:研究区土壤受到了重金属不同程度的污染,污染程度排序:小麦地>玉米地,且就单个重金属污染程度来说, Cd> Cu> Co> Ni> Zn> Cr;内梅罗综合污染指数分析结果表明,玉米地的污染程度为安全,小麦地的污染程度为重污染,均以Cd对污染指数P_(综合)值的贡献最大;研究区农作物玉米籽粒中Cr、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn和Cd的平均含量分别为25.03、0.54、2.87、21.52、118.68、1.97 mg·kg^(-1);小麦籽粒中Cr、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn和Cd的平均含量分别为1.04、0.11、1.17、9.55、61.51、0.06 mg·kg^(-1).Cr、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn和Cd富集系数大小的顺序均为玉米>小麦;健康风险评价表明,研究区农作物籽粒中存在高重金属污染风险,尤其以Cd最为明显,食用当地谷类农作物对人体造成健康风险的顺序依次为Co> Cd> Cu> Zn> Ni> Cr,其中Co、Cd对成人风险较高,Co、Cu、Zn、Cd对儿童风险较高,对儿童造成的健康风险要明显高于成人;土壤重金属含量与谷类农作物可食部分重金属含量间无明显相关性.
Soils of cultivated land and main grain crops(corn and wheat)in three typical mining areas were investigated in order to fully understand the heavy metal contamination of soils and plants around coal mining areas of Yuzhou City.Heavy metal concentrations were measured by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry.Soil quality was assessed using the single-factor pollution index and the Nemero comprehensive pollution index,and the potential health risks to adults and children induced by the intake of heavy metals through crop consumption were evaluated using the hazard quotient.It was found that the farmlands in the study areas were contaminated by heavy metals,and the most polluted farmland was wheat fields followed by corn fields.The heavy metal concentrations ranked as Cd>Cu>Co>Ni>Zn>Cr.The Nemero index of wheat fields was higher than the threshold value of heavy pollution and also higher than that of corn fields.Cd contributed most to the Nemero index.The average concentrations of Cr,Co,Ni,Cu,Zn and Cd were 25.03,0.54,2.87,21.52,118.68 and 1.97 mg·kg-1 respectively in corn,and 1.04,0.11,1.17,9.55,61.51 and 0.06 mg·kg-1,respectively,in wheat.The order of concentration coefficient of Cr,Co,Ni,Cu,Zn and Cd was corn>wheat.High risk of metal pollution was found in the grains of corn products near the mining areas,especially Cd.The calculated critical threshold in soil for adults was higher than that for children.The order of individual risk index for the health of children and adults was Co>Cd>Cu>Zn>Ni>Cr,in which Co and Cd had especially high risks for adults,and Co,Cu,Zn,Cd had especially high risks for children.No positive correlations were observed between farmlands and crops.
作者
张成丽
张伟平
程红丹
任少云
刘传文
李涛
楚小梅
郭志永
马建华
ZHANG Chaosheng
ZHANG Chengli;ZHANG Weiping;CHENG Hongdan;REN shaoyun;LIU Chuanwen;LI Tao;CHU Xiaomei;GUO Zhiyong;MA Jianhua;ZHANG Chaosheng(College of Environment and Planning,Henan University,Kaifeng,475001,China;Institute of Natural Resources and Environment,Henan University,Kaifeng,475001,China;School of Geography and Archaeology,National University of Ireland,Galway,Ireland)
出处
《环境化学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第4期805-812,共8页
Environmental Chemistry
基金
国家自然科学青年基金(41601522)
中国博士后科学基金(2017M612387)
河南省博士后科研项目(001701033)
2018年度河南省社科普及规划项目(1076)
2018年河南大学大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201813001)资助~~
