摘要
分形理论是现代数学的一个新的分支 ,是一种新的世界观和方法论。分形理论与地学的结合 ,极大地推动了地理学的发展。介绍了分形理论在水文学研究中的应用和发展 ,介绍了利用Arc/Info ,以DEM为数据源提取流域信息的方法。提供了一种将分形理论、GIS技术和流域地貌模型巧妙耦合 ,分别用基于覆盖法的分维估算方法和基于Horton定理的分维估算方法计算了马连河流域水系分形维数。这种方法与传统方法相比 ,具有易于操作。
Fractal theory is a new branch of modern mathematics. It is a new worldview and methodology. The coupling of fractal with geography has accelerated the geography's development. This paper firstly introduces the application and development of fractal theory in hydrological researches, then addresses two computational approaches to the fractal dimension of river network, and expounds the meanings of the two fractal dimensions. By applying Arc/Info and ArcView, we have established the spatial database for Malianhe River Basin. Two approaches, respectively based on the Overlay Method and the Horton's Law, are developed to analyse the fractal dimension of the water system in Malianhe River Basin. This paper puts forward a synthetic approach coupling fractal theory, GIS technology with the physiognomoical model. Compared with the traditional approach, it has the advantages of easy operation and high efficiency, which promotes the application of GIS in river network fractal studies and brings the change of fractal dimension estimation from maps to DEMs. Furthermore, the fractal dimension calculation of river network provides not only a new quantitative method to basin morphology, but also a new quantitative index to the randomicity of river's growth.
出处
《干旱区地理》
CSCD
北大核心
2002年第4期315-320,共6页
Arid Land Geography
基金
国家重点基础研究发展规划项目 (G19990 43 5 0 8)
中国科学院知识创新项目 (KZCX1-0 8-0 3 -0 3 )
