摘要
为探讨害虫化学防治与生物防治的协调技术 ,提高综合防治水平 ,测定了吡虫啉、鱼藤酮、氰戊菊酯和阿维菌素 4种杀虫剂亚致死剂量对异色瓢虫成虫捕食桃蚜功能反应的影响。亚致死剂量杀虫剂对异色瓢虫功能反应模型的基本结构没有改变 ,但影响到了模型的各项参数。药剂处理后异色瓢虫最大日捕食量降低 ,处理猎物的时间延长 ,捕食速率和寻找效应一般也被减弱。影响结果还与异色瓢虫受药的方式有关。4种药剂中以氰戊菊酯的影响最大 ,鱼藤酮的胃毒作用也较明显。研究结果表明亚致死剂量的杀虫剂对天敌异色瓢虫的捕食作用存在着不良影响 ,这为害虫治理中如何协调利用化学防治和生物防治措施、指导科学用药提供了一定的理论基础。
Insecticides and natural enemies are the two main means to control insect pests at present. A problem is coming that after spraying of insecticides in the field, some natural enemies were inevitably influenced at lethal or sublethal degree. In order to seek better techniques for coordinating the chemical and biological control measures, and improve the level of integrated pest management, effects of sublethal doses of four insecticides, i.e., imidacloprid, rotenone, fenvalerate and abamectin, on the functional response of multicolored Asian ladybird Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) preying on green peach aphid Myzus persicae (Sulzer) were determined. The functional response tests of H. axyridis were conducted in Petri dishes with cubage about 73 78cm 3 in laboratory. And the density of prey M. persicae was set as 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 head/dish. The tests were divided into two groups. In the first group, the ladybirds were pretreated with sublethal doses of insecticides by contact method (exposed to the filter paper with compounds), while the aphids as prey were untreated. In the second group, the prey aphids were pretreated with sublethal doses of insecticides by immersing method, but the predator ladybirds were not treated with any insecticides beforehand. The experimental data were simulated with the model of Holling's disc equation. Results revealed that the functional response models of ladybird preying on aphid were all still conformed to Holling's type II curve in spite of pretreated with sublethal doses of insecticides; just only the parameters of models had some changes. But the predatory action of ladybirds on aphids was influenced to some extent, and the effects were related to the exposure route of predators obtained toxin. The discovery rates of ladybirds treated with imidacloprid and fenvalerate by contact method and abamectin by feeding method decreased, whilst those of other treatments were a litter higher than untreated ladybirds. But the discovery rates in all treatments were
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2002年第12期2278-2284,共7页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目 (3 9870 493 )
