摘要
为探究、验证X波段相控阵气象雷达系统及其回波数据的可靠性,基于X波段相控阵气象雷达系统及地基外场试验,对比分析了X波段相控阵气象雷达系统与X波段机械式天线气象雷达系统的回波数据。在脉宽为6μs和1μs两种探测模式下,通过散点分布和概率分布方法对比分析了相控阵天气雷达的回波强度和径向速度数据的差异性。结果表明:(1)在脉宽为6μs和1μs的探测模式下,X波段相控阵气象雷达与常规天气雷达有比较接近的探测能力和可靠的数据质量;在远距离处,相控阵气象雷达的回波数据呈现层次结构清晰、轮廓显著的特性;(2)宽波束以及波束宽度展宽等特性平滑了相控阵气象雷达的回波强度,改变回波结构,弱回波区面积减小,强回波区增大;(3)天线增益不均匀影响相控阵雷达数据质量,理论上可以用1/(cosθcosφ)的增益修正因子对回波强度进行修订。
Compared with the mechanical antenna weather-radar,the phased array antenna weather radar system has its special features of fast scanning and reliable data,which play an essential role in monitoring and warning meso- scale severe weather system. The parameters and characteristics of the X- band phased array antenna radar system( XPAR) as well as its activities in surface-based field campaigns are introduced. Measurements by XPAR and X- band mechanical antenna radar( XRAD) are compared including the measurement difference between 1 μs and 6 μs pulse widths of the XPAR itself. The analysis based on comparisons shows( 1) The measurements from XPAR with pulse width of 1 μs and 6 μs( pulse compression mode) are close to the measurements from XRAD,XPAR with pulse compression mode has even better data quality and good echo image particularly at distant region.( 2) Due to the broad beam width,the XPAR reflectivity factor is smooth,the weak echo area decreases and strong echo area increases.( 3) The non- uniform antenna gain of XPAR has influence on data quality,but can be theoretically compensated by a gain factor of 1 /( cosθcosφ) for correcting radar reflectivity factor.
出处
《高原气象》
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第4期1167-1176,共10页
Plateau Meteorology
基金
国家高技术研究发展计划863项目(2007AA061901)
关键词
相控阵气象雷达
脉冲压缩
对比分析
数据质量
Phased array weather radar
Pulse compression
Comparative analysis
Data quality
