摘要
【目的】以2年生垂丝海棠(Malus halliana)和平邑甜茶(Malus hupehensis)为基砧,在其上嫁接‘烟富六号’(Malus pumila Mill.),即‘烟富六号’/垂丝海棠(Y6+CS)‘、烟富六号’/平邑甜茶(Y6+PY),研究盐碱胁迫对这2种砧穗组合的光合及生理特性。【方法】采用盆栽梯度浇盐的方法,设置正常供水(Hoagland营养液)和混合盐碱(Hoagland营养液加100 mmol·L-1NaCl+NaHCO3)两种处理,测定盐碱胁迫下不同砧穂组合的叶绿素含量、光合特性、荧光参数及抗氧化酶活性,并对其进行相关性分析。【结果】盐碱胁迫下,随着胁迫时间的延长,两种组合的相对电导率(REC)、非调节性能量耗散量子产额Y(NO)、非光化学猝灭系数(qN)均呈上升趋势;叶绿素含量(Chl)、净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、光化学猝灭系数(qP)均呈下降趋势,而胞间二氧化碳浓度(Ci)、量子产额(Y(NPQ))、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)在Y6+CS和Y6+PY上呈不同的变化趋势。胁迫40 d时,Y6+CS的REC显著低于Y6+PY,分别比CK(对照)增加了20.77%、42.39%;Y6+CS的Chl、Pn、Gs、Tr均显著高于Y6+PY,而Y6+CS叶片的Y(NO)显著低于Y6+PY。12个指标相关性分析结果表明,Gs、Ci、Tr、Chl、qP与Pn呈正相关,REC、POD、SOD、Y(NPQ)、Y(NO)、qN与Pn呈负相关。【结论】Y6+CS主要通过提高POD、SOD活性和细胞的渗透胁迫能力而增加植株的抗逆性能,从而更好地适应盐碱地,这为西北盐碱地选择适宜的苹果砧木提供理论依据。
【Objective】Apple is the most important temperate deciduous fruit tree in the world.In the Loess Plateau area of Northwest China,apple industry has become the pillar industry and main income source.However,salination and alkalization of soil which interferes the normal growth and metabolism of plants,is increasingly serious and seriously restricting the apple industry in the northwest loess plateau.Salt-resistant apple rootstocks are commonly used to alleviate saline-alkali stress.It is important to reveal the mechanism of rootstock responding to the stress.Rootstocks affect the stress resistance,adaptability and productivity of scion varieties.In this study,photosynthesis and physiological characteristics of two year old Malus pumila‘Yanfu6’(Y6)grafted on M.halliana(Malus halliana Koehen)(CS)and M.hupehensis(Malus hupehensis)(PY),grown under saline-alkali stress were analyzed,These scion-rootstock combinations are considered suitable in central Gansu province.【Methods】Tenleaf grafted plants grown in pots were used in the experiment and assigned to the control(Hoagland nutrient solution)and saline-alkali stress(Hoagland nutrient solution+100 mmol·L-1 NaCl+NaHCO3)groups.The effects of saline-alkali stress on photosynthetic pigments(chlorophyll a(Chl a)and chlorophyll b(Chl b)),photosynthetic characteristic indices(net photosynthetic rate(Pn),stomatal conductance(Gs),transpiration rate(Tr)and intercellular CO2 concentration(Ci)),chlorophyll fluorescence parameters(such as quantum yield Y(NPQ),non-regulated energy dissipation quantum yield Y(NO),non-photochemical quenching coefficient(qN)and photochemical quenching coefficient(qP)),and antioxidant enzymes(superoxide dismutase(SOD)and peroxidase activities(POD)),and relative conductivity(REC)were examined every twenty days from the beginning of treatment.Finally,correlations among the indices were analyzed.【Results】The results showed that with the prolongation of salt-alkali stress,the REC,Y(NO)and qN of the two combinations showed an increased trend.
作者
张瑞
贾旭梅
朱祖雷
张夏燚
赵通
郭爱霞
刘兵
高立杨
王延秀
ZHANG Rui;JIA Xumei;ZHU Zulei;ZHANG Xiayi;ZHAO Tong;GUO Aixia;LIU Bing;GAO Li-yang;WANG Yanxiu(College of Horticulture,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,Gansu,China)
出处
《果树学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第6期718-728,共11页
Journal of Fruit Science
基金
甘肃省自然科学基金(2018-0405-JCC-0326)
关键词
'烟富六号’苹果
盐碱胁迫
砧木
光合特性
叶绿素荧光
相关性分析
‘Yanfu 6’apple
Saline-alkali stress
Stock
Photosynthetic characteristics
Chlorophyll fluorescence
Correlation analysis
