摘要
【目的】探讨毯苗移栽油菜适宜的移栽期及其达到高产栽培标准的最迟移栽时间,指导毯苗移栽油菜大规模生产。【方法】以甘蓝型油菜品种宁杂1818为试材,设置毯苗移栽和直播两种种植方式,每种方式6个时期,即不同的移栽期和直播播期:10月15日、20日、25日、30日、11月4日、9日,研究其产量水平和经济效益。【结果】毯苗移栽油菜籽粒产量随移栽时期的推迟呈先上升后下降的趋势,其中10月25日移栽的籽粒产量最高、达3 810.1 kg/hm^2;通径分析结果表明,毯苗移栽油菜主要是通过角果数影响产量,直播油菜则主要通过每角粒数影响产量;回归分析结果表明,油菜籽粒产量与移栽期之间呈二次曲线关系,10月28产量最高。【结论】以最高产量下降5%以内为标准得出适宜移栽期范围为10月18日—11月7日,生产上以3 000kg/hm^2为高产的最低标准得出高产栽培的最迟移栽时间为11月16日。
[Objective ]The study was to explore the suitable transplanting date of transplanting rapeseed from blanket seedlings and the latest transplanting date for high-yield cultivation standard, and to guide the large-scale production of transplanting rapeseed from blanket seedlings.[Method]The variety of Ningza 1818 (Brasica napus L.)was chosen as the experiment material. In this experiment, two planting patterns-transplanting and direct-seeding were set and each pattern was set with six dates, i.e. October 15, October 20, October 25, October 30, November 4 and November 9,to study their yield level and economic benefits.[Result Results showed that the seed yield of the transplanted rapeseed from the blanket seedlings increased first and then decreased with the delay of transplanting date, and the seeds transplanted on October 25 gained a highest yield, reaching 3810.1 kg/hm^2. The results of path analysis showed that the yield of rapeseed transplanted from blanket seedlings was mainly affected by the number of pods while the yield of direct-seeding rapeseed was mainly affected by the seeds number per pod. Regression analysis result showed that there was a quadratic curve relationship between the yield and the transplanting date. According to the regression equation, it could be figured out that the highest yield appeared on October 28.[Conclusion ]Taking the highest yield decreased by 5% or less as the standard, it could be obtained that the suitable transplanting period was from October 18 to November 7, and 3 000 kg/hm^2 was set as the minimum standard of high yield in production it could be obtained that the latest transplanting date for high-yield cultivation was November 16.
作者
冯云艳
冷锁虎
冯倩南
张含笑
刘浩
盖小斌
杨光
左青松
FENG Yunyan;LENG Suohu;FENG Qiannan;ZHANG Hanxiao;LIU Hao;GAI Xiaobin;YANG Guang;ZUO Qingsong(Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province/Ecology and Cultivation in Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtse River of Ministry of Agriculture,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China;Wuxi Taihu Rice Co.,Ltd.Wuxi 214196,China;Wuxi Xintiandi Agricultural Development Co.,Ltd.Wuxi 214115,China)
出处
《广东农业科学》
CAS
2019年第2期9-15,共7页
Guangdong Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家重点研究计划项目(2018YFD0200905)
关键词
油菜
毯状苗
移栽期
产量
直播
rapeseed
blanket-type seedling
transplanting date
yield
direct-seeding
