摘要
利用路线法在野外调查了四川平武王朗自然保护区全部49条沟中390个样点的大熊猫粪便及其所处生境的特征,共发现80个样点有粪便,19个样点有卧穴,103个样点有啃食竹的残桩,1个样点发现大熊猫活个体,总共有125个样点发现有大熊猫的痕迹.把各样点的生境特征,包括在山上的位置、其食竹的种类和生长状态、森林起源、植被类型、人类干扰类型和强度等作为因素,对每一因素设置2,3,或4个水平.将大熊猫的生境各样点有无大熊猫作为行(r=2),将各因素的水平设为列(c=2,3或4),从而组成一个2×c联列表.在某样点是否有大熊猫痕迹与各生境因素的水平相互独立的零假设下,χ2检验的结果表明:(1)大熊猫在海拔2600～3000m取食;(2)对缺苞箭竹有明显的偏好,且在生长良好的生境处活动频繁;(3)对天然生境的利用比对人工林的利用高得多,对原始林和次生林的利用则没有明显差异;(4)更多地利用有针叶林;(5)明显回避有森林采伐和牲畜放牧的生境,且生境利用率随人类干扰强度的增加而减少.
The authors counted the droppings of the giant pandas by the route method at the Wanglang Nature Reserve and characterized their habitats. Among 390 sampling spots, droppings at 80 sampling spots, dens at 19 sampling spots, bamboo fragments gnawed by pandas at 103 sampling spots, one individual panda at one sampling spot were found. Totally at 125 sampling spots panda traces occurred. Taking position of sampling spots on mountains, diet bamboo species and growth status, forest origin, vegetation types, human disturbance and intensity as factors, and there are 2, 3 or 4 levels in each factor. Then a contingency table for each factor was formed. Occurring of pandas is in the row (r = 2) of contingency table, while the various levels of factors are in the column (c = 2, 3 or 4). The results of chisquare testing of independence show that at the Wanglang Nature Reserve the giant pandas: (1) forage at elevation 2600～3000 m; (2) prefer to Fargesia denudafa and more of their activities happen in forests where arrow bamboo grows better; (3) use more natural habitats rather than artificial ones, but no difference found between the old and secondary forests; (4) use more often coniferous forests; (5) avoid habitats where logging and grazing exist and their exploitation intensity decreases as human disturbance becomes intensive.
出处
《四川大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2002年第6期1140-1144,共5页
Journal of Sichuan University(Natural Science Edition)
基金
国家自然科学基金(39893360)
