摘要
对我国卫生和林业用药的新动态、新产品、新政策和新标准进行了分析。随着多样化卫生环境用药的增长,媒介生物的精准防控,传染病在持续下降。国家指导鼓励先进、限制淘汰落后农药的技术、设备和产品,加强优化升级。各种标准的建立将规范技术规程/方法,提高行业科技水平;借鉴国际新经验,中国产品已进入WHO名单。近年我国林业用药发展较快,特别是生物有效成分和其产品数量占林用总有效成分和产品总量的比例相对较高,分别为16.4%和14.1%,生物农药的推广使用,促进生态发展;高毒产品少(占0.11%),低毒/微毒产品占90%,需进一步优化产品结构,降低风险。防治检疫性美国白蛾和松材线虫产品数量分别占林用杀虫剂的20.4%和14.7%,合理用药,科学治理,可有效提升综合防控实效。
This paper analyzes new trends,products,policies,and standards in pesticide use in the public health and forestry sectors in China.With the growth of diversified public health pesticides and the precise control of vectors,infectious diseases continue to decline.China guides and encourages the advancement and adoption of new pesticide technologies,equipment,and products,while limiting and phasing out outdated ones,aiming to strengthen and promote optimization and upgrades.The establishment of various standards is expected to standardize technical procedures and methods,thereby improving the scientific and technological level of the industry.Drawing on international experience,Chinese products have now been included in the WHO list.In recent years,forestry pesticide development has progressed rapidly,particularly in terms of biological active ingredients and their products,which account for relatively high proportions of both total forestry active ingredients and total products,at 16.4%and 14.1%,respectively.The promotion and use of biopesticides foster ecological development;highly toxic products are few(accounting for 0.11%),while low-toxicity and slightly-toxicity products make up 90%,further optimizing product structure and reducing risk.Products for controlling quarantine pests such as the American white moth and pine wood nematode account for 20.4%and 14.7%of forestry insecticides,respectively.Rational pesticide use and scientific management can effectively enhance integrated pest control.
作者
王以燕
宋俊华
姜志宽
谭伟龙
丁凌云
何秀玲
穆兰
WANG Yiyan;SONG Junhua;JIANG Zhikuan;TAN Weilong;DING Lingyun;HE Xiuling;MU Lan(Institute for the Control of Agrochemicals,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100125,China;Shenyang SYRICI Testing Co.,Ltd.,Shenyang,Liaoning 110021,China;Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Eastern Theater Command,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210002,China;Editorial Board of Chinese Journal ofHygienic Insecticides&Equipments,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210016,China)
出处
《中华卫生杀虫药械》
CAS
2024年第6期509-515,共7页
Chinese Journal of Hygienic Insecticides and Equipments
基金
江苏省卫健委面上项目(H2023063)。
关键词
卫生用农药
林业用农药
新进展
新标准
生物农药
public health pesticides
forestry pesticides
new progress
new standards
biopesticides
