摘要
[目的]研究新疆地区冬季规模化牧场牛舍温度、平均相对湿度、氨气浓度及奶牛产奶量的相关性。[方法]收集2023年12月至2024年2月最寒冷季节的温度、平均相对湿度、氨气浓度及奶牛产奶量的数据,用Prism、Excel、SPSS软件分析其显著性与相关性。[结果]2023年12月至2024年2月的温度和平均相对湿度与氨气浓度值呈正比;2023年12月至2024年2月牛舍平均温度为1.32℃、0.13℃、-0.34℃,平均相对湿度为73%、73.84%、70.72%,符合《NY/T 388—1999畜禽场环境质量标准》的规定(≤80%)。对比2023年12月至2024年2月每日产奶量与氨气浓度值,发现冬季牛舍氨气浓度值为0.15~5.17 mg/m^(3),符合《NY/T388—1999畜禽场环境质量标准》的规定(≤20 mg/m^(3)),不影响奶牛产奶量。分析按照周为单位的氨气浓度值差异显著性,2023年12月的4周氨气浓度值为0.73~3.09 mg/m^(3),其中第4周与其余3周差异性显著(P<0.05);2024年1月的4周氨气浓度值为1.82~3.14 mg/m^(3),其中第1周与其余3周差异性显著(P<0.05);2024年2月的4周氨气浓度值0.94~1.51 mg/m^(3),第2周=第3周>第1周>第4周,差异性显著(P<0.05)。分析2023年12月至2024年2月温度、平均相对湿度与氨气浓度的相关性,发现不具有显著相关性(P>0.05)。[结论]该牛场冬季牛舍氨气浓度对产奶量无影响;冬季牛舍温度、平均相对湿度与氨气浓度无显著相关性,说明该牛场牛舍环境舒适、管理有效。
[Objective]To study the correlation between temperature,average relative humidity,ammonia concentration and milk yield of dairy cows in large-scale breeding farms in Xinjiang in winter.[Method]In this study,the data of temperature,average relative humidity,ammonia concentration and milk yield of dairy cows in the coldest season from December 2023 to February 2024 were collected,and the significance and correlation were analyzed by Prism,Excel and SPSS software.[Result]The temperature and average relative humidity from December 2023 to February 2024 were proportional to the ammonia concentration.From December 2023 to February 2024,the average temperature of the cowshed was 1.32°C,0.13°C,-0.34°C,and the average relative humidity was 73%,73.84%,and 70.72%,which met the NY/T 388-1999 Livestock and Poultry Farm Environmental Quality Standard(≤80%).By comparing the daily milk yield and ammonia concentration from December 2023 to February 2024,it was found that the ammonia concentration in the winter barn was 0.15~5.17 mg/m^(3),which met the'NY/T 388-1999 Environmental Quality Standards for Livestock and Poultry Farms(≤20 mg/m^(3)),and did not affect the milk yield of dairy cows.The difference of ammonia concentration in weekly units was analyzed.The ammonia concentration in four weeks in December 2023 was 0.73~3.09 mg/m^(3),and the difference between the fourth week and the other three weeks was significant(P<0.05).he ammonia concentration in the four weeks of January 2024 was 1.82~3.14 mg/m^(3),and the difference between the first week and the other three weeks was significant(first week>fourth week),significant difference(P>0.05).[Conclusion]The ammonia concentration in the cowshed in winter had no effect on milk yield.There was no significant correlation between the temperature,average relative humidity and ammonia concentration in the barn in winter,indicating that the environment of the barn was comfortable and the management was effective.
作者
杜宇
魏勇
李智星
杨红卫
李宏健
刘友
刘让
DU Yu;WEI Yong;LI Zhixing;YANG Hongwei;LI Hongjian;LIU You;LIU Rang(Corps Veterinary General Station,Wulumuqi Xinjiang 830022;Xinjiang Tianrun Dairy Co.,Ltd.,Wulumuqi Xinjiang 830022;Tianrun Beiting Animal Husbandry Co.,Ltd.,Changji Xinjiang 831500)
出处
《中国乳业》
2024年第12期55-61,共7页
China Dairy
基金
奶牛信息智能化管理技术研究与示范项目(NYHXGG,2023AA310)
万头规模化奶牛养殖全产业链提质增效技术集成与示范项目(SR202101)。
关键词
奶牛
氨气
产奶量
温度
平均相对湿度
cow
ammonia
milk yield
temperature
average relative humidity
