摘要
当下我国碳排放权交易制度体系正在经历着由政策引领向法治构建的转变。目前碳排放权交易制度行政立法中简单将“权利”与“配额”等同的做法,既无法体现碳排放权所兼具的公法、私法双重特征,也难以有效回应碳排放权交易市场的发展需求以及完善碳排放权交易制度的规范构建。为此,需要构建以碳排放权交易市场为语境、以碳排放“权利”为逻辑主线的碳排放权交易制度,夯实其法治基础并明确其规范进路。从语境与语义出发,“碳排放权”的表述本身就意味着其私法的权利属性。在碳排放权交易制度的理论逻辑层面,双阶理论可以为碳排放权交易制度中“配额”到“权利”的过渡提供理论支撑;在其实践逻辑层面,碳排放权交易制度需要借助“权利”的确立为其交易市场的展开提供法治的基础。最后,考虑到碳排放权权利属性共识不足、碳排放权交易制度结构尚待稳定、权利基础呈现多元特征以及权利来源并非稳固不变等因素,策略上可以考虑暂时搁置碳排放权权属争议,以权益为抓手、以“权益表现—适用规范领域—法律保护方式”为主线,分步骤、分阶段推进碳排放权交易制度的规范构建。
Currently,China's carbon emission trading system is undergoing a transition from policy guidance to the rule of law construction.At present,the administrative legislative approach of the carbon emission trading system is simple,equating“rights”with“quotas”.This approach cannot reflect the dual characteristics of public and private law that carbon emission rights possess,nor can it effectively respond to the development needs of the carbon emission trading market and the standardized construction of the carbon emission trading system.To this end,it is necessary to establish a carbon emission trading system with the carbon emission trading market as the context and the carbon emission“rights”as the logical mainline,consolidate its legal foundation,and clarify its normative approach.From the perspective of context and semantics,the expression of“carbon emission rights”itself implies its private law rights attributes.At the theoretical logic level of the carbon emissions trading system,the second-order theory can provide theoretical support for the transition from“quotas”to“rights”in the carbon emissions trading system;at its practical logic level,the carbon emissions trading system needs to rely on the establishment of“rights”to provide a legal basis for the development of its trading market.Finally,considering the lack of consensus on the attributes of carbon emission rights,the need for stability in the structure of the carbon emission trading system,the diverse characteristics of the rights foundation,and the fact that the sources of rights are not stable and unchanging,a strategy can be considered to temporarily shelve disputes over the ownership of carbon emission rights,focusing on rights and interests,and promoting the standardized construction of the carbon emission trading system in steps and stages with the main line of“rights performance—applicable normative fields—legal protection methods”.
作者
柯坚
曹辰
KE Jian;CAO Chen(Institute of Environmental Law,Wuhan University,Wuhan,Hubei 430073,China)
出处
《河北大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
2025年第1期123-134,共12页
Journal of Hebei University(Philosophy and Social Science)
基金
教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“生态文明与环境法的功能演变研究”(19JJD820004)。
关键词
碳排放权
权益
配额
权利逻辑
规范进路
carbon emission rights
rights and interests
quotas
rights logic
normative approach
