摘要
水产原种是良种培育的种质基础和保护生物多样性的核心,为全面掌握我国首家国家级刺参(Apostichopus japonicus)原种场核心保种区状况,本研究于2022年7月至2023年5月对该核心保种区的水环境、沉积物环境进行了周年检测,同时利用高通量测序方法分析了海水和沉积物微生物群落结构周年变化,进一步完成生态环境因子与微生物群落结构相关性分析。结果显示,海水水质良好,除春季活性磷酸盐,夏、秋、冬季铅元素和秋季镍元素含量符合Ⅱ类水质标准外,其他水质指标均符合Ⅰ类水质标准,保种区水体属于贫营养级;沉积物中除了秋季铬元素含量未达到Ⅰ类沉积物标准外,其他全部指标均符合Ⅰ类沉积物标准,表明保种区生态环境保护良好。对海水和沉积物四季微生物群落结构分析结果显示,核心区水体共获得3796个OTUs,4个季节水体中的Shannon指数在5.90±0.04~6.84±0.01之间,秋季最高,夏季最低;沉积物中共获得4151个OTUs,四个季节沉积物的Shannon指数在6.06±1.44~7.88±0.22之间,夏季最高,春季最低。PcoA分析显示,水体和沉积物在四季的菌群结构存在差异,且水体的菌群结构受季节影响变化相对于沉积物而言更为显著。对不同季节的水体和沉积物菌群LEfSe分析结果显示,在不同季节的水体和沉积物样品中分别筛选到73和66个显著差异菌群(P<0.05),其中冬季沉积物中的代表性差异菌群包含弧菌科(Vibrionaceae)、冷单胞菌科(Psychromonadaceae),需要警惕冬季弧菌对刺参健康的潜在威胁。环境因子与菌群结构的相关性分析结果表明,温度、pH、盐度是影响水体菌群结构的主要环境因子,有机碳、硫化物、重金属(铜、铅)是影响沉积物菌群结构的主要环境因子。上述研究结果为评估保种核心区生态环境、解析其风险因子和影响因素提供支撑,为我国刺参原种的高效保种提供科学依据。
Aquatic stock is the basis of cultivation of good strains and the core of biodiversity conservation.To comprehensively grasp of the core Breed Conservation area of China's first national sea cucumber native species farm,this study conducted an annual survey of the water body and sediment environment of the core breed conservation area from July 2022 to May 2023.Simultaneously,the annual change in microbial community structure in seawater and sediment was analyzed using high-throughput sequencing,and the correlation between ecological environment quality and microbial community structure was further completed.The results showed that the water quality of seawater was good,except for the reactive phosphate content in spring and the lead content in summer,autumn,and winter,which reached the water quality standard of ClassⅡand the heavy metal nickel,which met the water quality standard of ClassⅡin autumn.All other water quality indices met the water quality standard of ClassⅠand the water body of the Breed Conservation area belongs to the poor trophic level.In the sediments,except for the chromium content in autumn which did not reach the standard of ClassⅠ,all other indices met the standard of ClassⅠ,indicating that the ecological environment of the core area is good.The results of microbial community structure analysis of seawater and sediments in four seasons showed that 3796 OTUs were obtained in the water body of the core area and the Shannon index of the water body in the four seasons ranged from 5.90±0.04 to 6.84±0.01,with the highest in autumn and the lowest in summer;4151 OTUs were obtained in the sediment,and the Shannon index of the sediment in the four seasons was between 6.06±1.44 and 7.88±0.22,with the highest in summer and the lowest in spring.PcoA showed that the microbial community structure of the water body and sediments differed in the four seasons and the microbial community structure of the water body varied more by seasonal influences than that of sediments.The results of LEfSe ana
作者
朱晓彤
荣小军
李彬
王印庚
葛建龙
廖梅杰
王锦锦
吴岩强
赵欣涛
施国军
ZHU Xiaotong;RONG Xiaojun;LI Bin;WANG Yingeng;GE Jianlong;LIAO Meijie;WANG Jinjin;WU Yanqiang;ZHAO Xintao;SHI Guojun(Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,China;State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods,Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China;Dalian Bangchuidao Seafood Co,Ltd,Dalian 116699,China;Bureau of Science and Technology of Hekou District,Dongying 257200,China)
出处
《渔业科学进展》
北大核心
2025年第1期1-14,共14页
Progress in Fishery Sciences
基金
山东省农业良种工程重大课题(2023LZGC019)
中国水产科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(2020TD40)
青岛市重点研发计划(22-3-3-hygg-1-hy)共同资助。
关键词
刺参
原种场核心区
生态环境质量
微生物群落结构周年变化
相关性分析
Apostichopus japonicus
Core area of the natural farm
Ecological environmental quality
Annual changes in microbial community structure
Correlation analysis
