摘要
为探究油茶开花生物学及不同授粉方式对油茶果实发育的影响,以14年生国家审定良种‘长林4号’(CL4)和‘长林53号’(CL53)扦插苗为试验材料,统计分析了2个油茶品种的花期特性、花器官结构特征,以及3种不同授粉方式(自然授粉、自花授粉、异花授粉)下油茶果的果实性状和经济性状差异。结果表明:①CL4为早花品种,CL53为中花品种,昆虫访花行为频繁,有利于异花授粉,CL4相比更有利于进行自花授粉。②横径、纵径动态分析发现,同一时间段CL53×CL53横径、纵径最小,与其他组合相比差异有统计学意义;CL4×CL4与异花授粉差异无统计学意义。③果实性状的比较发现,CL53自花授粉与自然授粉和异花授粉相比,果实的鲜果质量、横径、纵径明显下降,而CL4所有授粉组合差异无统计学意义。④利用隶属函数对经济性状综合排名发现,排名第1、2、3的分别为CL4×CL4、CL53×CL4、CL4×CL53。综合表明:CL53异花授粉优势明显,而CL4自花授粉具有较大的潜在应用价值。此外,CL4和CL53可互为父母本进行异花授粉,授粉果实品质优良。
To investigate the effects of flowering biology and pollination methods on fruit development of Camellia oleifera,healthy 14-year-old cutting seedlings of national approved varieties‘Changlin 4’(CL4)and‘Changlin 53’(CL53)were used to statistically analyze the flowering phenology and floral organ structure characteristics,as well as the variation of basic fruit and economic traits of mature fruits under natural pollination,self-pollination and cross pollination.The results indicated that:①CL4 is an early flowering variety.CL53 is a mid-flowering variety.There are numerous mid-flowering varieties with frequent insect pollination,which is conducive to spread of the pollens.The flowering characteristics of CL4 are more conducive to self-pollination.②Dynamic analysis of transverse diameter and vertical diameter revealed that in the same time period,the transverse diameter and vertical diameter of CL53×CL53 were the smallest,and the variation was significant.There was no significant difference between CL4×CL4 and cross pollination.③The comparison of fruit traits revealed that after self-pollination,the average number of seeds,fresh seed weight,transverse diameter and vertical diameter of CL53 fruits decreased significantly,while there was no significant difference in all pollination combinations of CL4 fruits.④To gain insights into ranking of economic traits,Membership Function were utilized,in all pollination combinations,CL4×CL4,CL53×CL4,CL4×CL53 was ranked first,second,and third,respectively.In summary,CL53 has obvious advantages in cross pollination,but CL4 self-pollination has great potential application value.In addition,CL4 and CL53 can cross pollinate each other as parents,and the pollinated fruits showed excellent quality,which has great potential for promotion and application.
作者
刘林秀
姚小华
曾海涛
滕建华
徐皓
陈娟娟
常君
LIU Linxiu;YAO Xiaohua;ZENG Haitao;TENG Jianhua;XU Hao;CHEN Juanjuan;CHANG Jun(Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Hangzhou 311401,China;School of Biological Science and Engineering,Shaanxi University of Technology,Hanzhong Shaanxi 723001,China;Dongfanghong Forest Farm of Zhejiang Province,Jinhua Zhejiang 321025,China)
出处
《西南大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
北大核心
2025年第1期93-103,共11页
Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition)
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD1001602)
中国林业科学研究院重点项目(CAFYBB2017ZA004-1)。
关键词
油茶
开花生物学
授粉方式
果实发育
Camellia oleifera
floral biology
pollination combination
fruit development
