摘要
【目的】随着优质大米市场需求的增加,科学评估优质稻与普通稻的种粮效益,对提高农户种粮效益和未来水稻育种方向的选择具有重要意义。【方法】基于广东省水稻种植户2021—2022年的调研数据,运用内生转换模型对优质稻和普通稻的种粮效益进行评估,同时根据不同种植季节划分为早稻、中晚稻分别对优质稻和普通稻的种粮效益进行分析。【结果】从产量角度来看,优质稻的产量比普通稻低。在不同地块上种植优质稻产量比普通稻产量分别降低10.34%和0.27%,表明优质稻在保持其品质优势的同时可能需要牺牲一部分产量。从种植成本来看,优质稻的种植成本与普通稻相比没有绝对优势。在优质稻地块和普通稻地块上,优质稻的种植成本比普通稻分别增加0.93%和减少7.62%,表明优质稻的种植成本受地块特性影响较大,且在不同地块上的表现差异较为明显。从净收益角度来看,优质稻种植的净收益高于普通稻,在优质稻地块中种植优质稻净收益比普通稻增加4.69%,在普通稻地块中这一增幅达到45.44%,表明尽管优质稻在产量上存在一定劣势,但其较高的市场价值使得其净收益表现优于普通稻。【结论】在水稻生产日益受市场因素影响的背景下,优质稻的种植面积呈现总体扩展趋势,在一定程度上改善了水稻种植效益,但也可能会带来粮食产量降低的风险。优质与适度高产兼顾应是未来水稻育种的重要方向。
【Objective】With the increasing demand for high-quality rice in the market,a scientific evaluation on the grain planting benefits of high-quality rice and ordinary-quality rice is of vital significance to increase farmers income and steer future directions in rice breeding.【Method】Based on the survey data from rice farmers in Guangdong Province during 2021-2022,the endogenous switching regression model was used to evaluate the planting benefits associated with high-quality and ordinary-quality rice.Furthermore,it conducted an analysis on the grain planting benefits with respect to different planting seasons(early rice and semi-late rice).【Result】In terms of yield,high-quality rice had a lower yield compared with ordinary rice.Specifically,the yields of high-quality rice decreased by 10.34%and 0.27%compared with ordinary rice in different plots.This indicated that,while maintaining its quality advantage,high-quality rice may require a sacrifice in yield.In terms of planting costs,high-quality rice did not have an absolute cost advantage compared with ordinary rice.In high-quality rice plots and ordinary rice plots,the planting costs of high-quality rice increased by 0.93%and decreased by 7.62%,respectively,compared with ordinary rice.This result suggested that the planting cost of high-quality rice was greatly influenced by plot characteristics and it showed significant variation across different plots.In terms of net income,the net income from planting high-quality rice was higher than that from ordinary rice.The net income from planting high-quality rice in high-quality rice plots increased by 4.69%compared with that from ordinary rice,while in ordinary rice plots,the increase reached 45.44%.This indicated that although high-quality rice had certain disadvantages in yield,its higher market value showed better net income performance compared with ordinary rice.【Conclusion】In the context of backdrop of rice production increasingly influenced by market factors,the area dedicated to high-quality rice
作者
杨书婷
颜泽东
陈风波
YANG Shuting;YAN Zedong;CHEN Fengbo(College of Economic and Management,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510640,China;School of Business Administration,Guangzhou Institude of Science and Technology,Guangzhou 510640,China)
出处
《广东农业科学》
CAS
2024年第10期137-149,共13页
Guangdong Agricultural Sciences
基金
广东省现代农业产业体系水稻创新团队项目(2023KJ105)
国家社会科学基金(20BGL183)。
关键词
优质稻
普通稻
种粮效益
效益评价
水稻种植户
广东
早稻
中晚稻
high-quality rice
ordinary-quality rice
grain planting benefit
benefit evaluation
rice farmer
Guangdong
early rice
semi-late rice
