摘要
目的 探究日常膳食多样化与社区老年人内在能力的相关性。方法 本研究纳入2023年2月至8月于北京社区采用方便抽样法调查年龄≥60岁的745例老年人。以8个食物种类构建膳食多样化评分(dietary diversity score,DDS),包括肉、蛋、鱼类、豆类、奶或奶制品、酸奶、蔬菜以及水果。根据2015年世界卫生组织推荐意见评估社区老年人的内在能力,将患者分为内在能力较好组(4~5分)和内在能力欠佳组(0~3分)。采用二元Logistic回归分析探讨DDS与老年人内在能力的关系以及各种膳食摄入对老年人内在能力的影响。结果内在能力较好组DDS得分高于内在能力欠佳组DDS得分[(4.00±1.49)分比(3.73±1.55)分,t=2.233,(P=0.026)]。DDS是老年人内在能力的保护因素(OR=0.836,95%CI为0.745~0.938,P=0.002)。内在能力较好组肉类(χ^(2)=10.127,P=0.001)和水果类(χ^(2)=7.632,P=0.006)的摄入频率均高于内在能力欠佳组。进一步Logistic分析显示,蔬菜类(OR=0.502,95%CI为0.256~0.986,P=0.045)和水果类(OR=0.575,95%CI为0.391~0.847,P=0.005)食物摄入不足与老年人内在能力下降相关。结论DDS与老年人内在能力具有相关性。社区老年人应改变单一膳食结构,增加膳食多样化,可能降低内在能力下降的发生风险。
Objective To investigate the association between dietary diversity and intrinsic capacity among community-dwelling older adults.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from February to August 2023,involving 745 elderly people aged≥60 years old in Beijing communities by convenient sampling method.The dietary diversity score(DDS)was constructed based on eight food groups,including meat,eggs,fish,legumes,milk or dairy products,yogurt,vegetables,and fruits.The intrinsic capacity among elderly people was evaluated according to the recommendations of WHO,and divided into a group with good intrinsic capacity(4-5 points)and a group with poor intrinsic capacity(0-3 points).Binary Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the association between DDS and to assess the impact of various dietary components on the intrinsic capacity of the elderly adults.Results The DDS score of the group with good intrinsic capacity(4.00±1.49)was significantly higher than that of the group with poor intrinsic capacity(3.73±1.55)(t=2.233,P=0.026).DDS was identified as a protective factor for the intrinsic capacity of the elderly(OR=0.836,95%CI=0.745-0.938,P=0.002).The intake frequency of meat(χ^(2)=10.127,P=0.001)and fruit(χ^(2)=7.632,P=0.006)was higher compared to the group with lower intrinsic capacity.Further Logistics regression analysis showed that insufficient intake of vegetables(OR=0.502,95%CI=0.256-0.986,P=0.045)and fruits(OR=0.575,95%CI=0.391-0.847,P=0.005)was associated with poorer intrinsic capacity.Conclusions DDS is associated with intrinsic capacity in elderly adults.Elderly people in the community should change their single dietary structure and increase dietary diversity to reduce the risk of decline in intrinsic capacity.
作者
张玉珊
沈姞
亢玉婷
李宏宇
庞婧
张洁
张驰
孟雪
施红
Zhang Yushan;Shen Ji;Kang Yuting;Li Hongyu;Pang Jing;Zhang Jie;Zhang Chi;Meng Xue;Shi Hong(Department of Geriatrics,Beijing Hospital,National Center of Gerontology,Institute of Geriatric Medicine,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Beijing 100730,China;The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics,Beijing Institute of Geriatrics,Beijing Hospital,National Center of Gerontology,National Health Commission,Institute of Geriatric Medicine,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Beijing 100730,China;Department of Scientific Research,Beijing Hospital,National Center of Gerontology,Institute of Geriatric Medicine,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Beijing 100730,China)
出处
《中国医学前沿杂志（电子版）》
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第11期57-61,I0003,共6页
Chinese Journal of the Frontiers of Medical Science(Electronic Version)
基金
国家重点研发计划“政府间国际科技创新合作”重点专项(2021YFE0111800)
中央高水平医院临床科研业务费(BJ-2022-149)。
关键词
内在能力
老年人
膳食多样化
营养
活力
Intrinsic capacity
Elderly adults
Dietary diversity
Nourishment
Vitality
