摘要
过去几十年,鄱阳湖区经历了快速地道路扩张过程,给生态环境带来了严重威胁。道路扩张导致湿地景观破碎化、栖息地连接度和生境质量下降,对鄱阳湖的湿地保护和可持续发展构成了严峻挑战。定量评估道路扩张对景观格局和生境质量的影响对道路规划和生态保护具有重要意义。以鄱阳湖区为例,基于道路数据和土地利用/覆盖变化数据,采用有效粒度尺寸(Effective Mesh Size,m_(eff))对鄱阳湖区2000—2020年的景观破碎化程度进行时空变化分析,结合InVEST模型分析道路扩张对生境质量的影响。结果表明:(1)鄱阳湖区近20年道路扩张过程不断加快,道路里程由5152.69km增加到9213.18km,增长了4060.49km,约0.79倍,铁路和高速公路扩张过程尤为明显,分别增加了1482.25km和952.95km。道路扩张导致区域生境破碎化程度加剧,m_(eff)由2000年的3754.32km^(2)减少至2020年的2026.49km^(2),减少比例高达46.02%;(2)2000—2020年,道路扩张过程占用的自然生境面积由84.16km^(2)增加至111.92km^(2),增加了27.76km^(2),占全区自然生境总面积的0.06%,且以占用自然生境中的林地为主。(3)道路扩张导致区域生境质量加速下降,2000—2020年道路扩张过程导致区域生境质量从0.74下降到0.71,下降了4.6%。生境质量同时受到道路扩张过程的直接影响和间接影响。2000—2020年鄱阳湖区道路扩张过程对生境质量总的影响为9.63%,其中直接影响为2.65%,间接影响为6.98%。铁路、高速和国道对生境质量的间接影响大于直接影响,省道对生境质量的直接影响大于间接影响。在鄱阳湖区需要控制道路扩张,同时要关注道路扩张过程对自然生境造成的直接和间接综合影响,从而采取有效措施保证鄱阳湖区道路建设与自然栖息地和生物多样性保护协调进行,促进区域的可持续发展。
In recent decades,the Poyang Lake area has experienced a rapid road expansion,which has brought serious threats to the local ecology and environment.Road expansion leads to wetland landscape fragmentation,habitat connectivity and habitat quality decline,which poses a serious challenge to wetland protection and sustainable development of Poyang Lake.Quantitatively assessing the impact of road expansion on landscape patterns and habitat quality is crucial for road planning and ecological protection.Taking the Poyang Lake area as an example,this study uses road data and land use/cover change data to analyze the spatiotemporal changes in landscape fragmentation from 2000 to 2020 using the effective mesh size(m_(eff)).The InVEST model is employed to analyze the impacts of road expansion on habitat quality.The results indicate that:(1)Over the past 20 years,the process of road expansion in the Poyang Lake area has accelerated,with road mileage increasing from 5152.69 km to 9213.18 km,an increase of 4060.49 km,approximately 0.79 times,among different kinds of roads,railways and highways had obvious increase of mileage,with an increase of 1482.25 km and 952.95 km respectively.Road expansion has intensified regional habitat fragmentation,with m_(eff)decreasing from 3754.32 km^(2)in 2000 to 2026.49 km^(2)in 2020,a reduction of 46.02%;(2)From 2000 to 2020,the area of natural habitats occupied by road expansion increased from 84.16 km^(2)to 111.92 km^(2),an increase of 27.76 km^(2),accounting for 0.06%of the total natural habitat area,with forest land being the primary type of occupied natural habitat;(3)Road expansion has led to an accelerated decline in regional habitat quality,with habitat quality dropping from 0.74 to 0.71 from 2000 to 2020,a decrease of 4.6%.Habitat quality is affected by both direct and indirect impacts of road expansion.The total impact on habitat quality caused by road expansion in Poyang Lake area from 2000 to 2020 was 9.63%,of which the direct impact of road expansion was 2.65%and the indirect impa
作者
曾小箕
黄英鹏
谢花林
李嘉诚
ZENG Xiaoji;HUANG Yingpeng;XIE Hualin;LI Jiacheng(School of Applied Economics,Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics,Nanchang 330013,China;Institute of Ecological Civilization,Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics,Nanchang 330013,China)
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第23期10807-10816,共10页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金地区项目(42061040)
江西省教育厅科技项目(GJJ190289)
江西省高校人文社会科学研究项目(JC19211)。
