摘要
国民革命前后,中共认为外国在华驻军是列强维护“在华秩序”的工具与中国半殖民地属性的标志,提出撤废外国在华驻军的目标。土地革命时期,中共细化反对外国在华驻军目标,制定了相应的斗争策略。因日本侵华战争导致外国在华驻军法理发生变化,中共主动调整对华驻军的认知和策略,以争取抗战胜利。中共指出驻华日军损及他国在华驻军利益,试图利用他国驻军共同抵抗日军,强烈抨击日本企图将侵华日军变为“合法”驻军的行为。因美国等在华驻军成为中国盟军,中共主动联合驻华外军共同抵抗日本。抗战胜利后,中共坚决反对驻华美军干涉中国内政,采取政治、舆论和法律等方式要求其撤离中国。此外,中共灵活处理与驻旅大地区苏军的关系,以推动革命发展。从中共诞生到执掌全国政权,其对外国在华驻军的认识和因应并非一成不变,而是根据国内外客观形势的变化而不断调整,但始终以维护民族利益和国家主权为出发点和落脚点。
Before and after the National Revolution,the CPC believed that the foreign troops stationed in China were tools for the powers to maintain the"order in China"and a symbol of Chinas semi-colonial nature,and proposed the goal of abolishing the foreign troops stationed in China.During the Agrarian Revolution,the CPC detailed its opposing to the foreign troops stationed in China and formulated corresponding struggle strategies.As the Japanese War of aggression against China led to changes in the jurisprudence of foreign troops stationed in China,the CPC took the initiative to adjust its cognition and strategy of the troops stationed in China in order to win the Anti-Japanese War.The CPC believes that the Japanese troops stationed in China harm the interests of other countries'troops stationed in China,and strongly criticizes Japans attempt to turn the invading Japanese troops into"legal"troops stationed in China.Due to the fact that the US and other allied forces stationed in China became Chinese allies,the CPC took the initiative to unite with foreign troops in China to resist Japan.After the War of the Resistance Against Japanese Aggression,the CPC firmly opposed the interference of the US military in Chinas internal affairs and demanded their withdrawal from China through political,public opinion,and legal means.In addition,the CPC flexibly handled its relationship with the Soviet Union army stationed in Lyu Shun-Dalian Area to promote revolutionary development.From the birth of the CPC to its assumption of national power,its cognition and response to foreign troops stationed in China have not remained unchanged,but have been constantly adjusted according to changes in the objective situation at home and abroad.However,it has always taken safeguarding national interests and sovereignty as its starting point and goal.
出处
《苏区研究》
CSSCI
2024年第6期49-64,共16页
Soviet Area Studies
基金
湖南省研究生科研创新项目“列强在华驻军特权制度研究(1840—1937)”(CX20220476)。
关键词
中国共产党
在华驻军
不平等条约
民主革命
the CPC
foreign troops stationed in China
unjust treaties
the Democratic Revolution
