摘要
三峡工程的供水安全是长江流域中下游用水安全的核心支撑。频繁的干旱事件对三峡供水安全构成了严峻挑战。从五个方面探讨了三峡供水安全的核心问题:有效融合卫星遥感等多源信息能够显著提升来水预报精度;极端干旱事件日益频繁,亟须健全长江流域中下游干旱监测、预报与预警机制;长江上游水库群建成和投产使流域洪水过程发生显著改变,需要深化水库群优化调度,推进洪水资源高效利用;深化水库旱限水位与抗旱调度以及库区生态安全研究。通过综述相关科技创新,强调了确保三峡供水安全的迫切性,指出提升三峡供水安全的关键措施,主要包括:有效融合多源信息能够显著提升来水预报的精度,为三峡供水安全提供重要保障;健全长江流域中下游干旱的监测、预报和预警机制;开展新形势下长江中上游水库群汛期设计调度一体化研究;研究三峡水库旱限水位及抗旱调度机制;统筹水质保护、生态调度、消落带治理等措施,确保三峡生态安全。
Water supply safety of the Three Gorges Project shall be the core for water security in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin.Frequent drought events pose a severe challenge to the water supply safety.The core issues of water supply safety faced by the Three Gorges Project are discussed from five aspects of incoming water forecasting based on multi-source information such as satellite remote sensing,drought forecasting and early warning in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin,efficient utilization of flood resources,drought limited water level and drought resistant scheduling and ecological security.By summarizing relevant technological innovations,the urgency of ensuring water supply safety of the Three Gorges Project are emphasized.Key measures to enhance water supply safety are proposed that mainly include integration of multi-source information to improve the accuracy of incoming water forecasting,establishment of a sound monitoring,forecasting,and early warning mechanism for drought in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin,integrated research on flood season design and scheduling of reservoirs in the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River under the new situation,study of drought limited water level and drought resistant regulation mechanism of the Three Gorges Reservoir,and measures of integrating water quality protection,ecological regulation and control of water-level fluctuation zone to ensure ecological security.
作者
夏军
刘攀
程潜
Xia Jun;Liu Pan;Cheng Qian
出处
《中国水利》
2024年第22期13-16,104,共5页
China Water Resources
基金
国家自然科学基金长江水科学研究联合基金项目(U2340213)。
关键词
三峡工程
供水安全
干旱
来水预报
抗旱调度
生态安全
the Three Gorges Project
water supply safety
drought
incoming water forecast
drought resistant scheduling
ecological safety
