摘要
由于机床运动轴几何误差、热误差等多种因素的影响,实际加工过程中往往存在较大的误差。为了提高加工精度,提出一种基于最小二乘法的五轴联动数控机床加工误差补偿方法。构建机床参考坐标系到刀具的变换矩阵以及参考坐标系到工件的变换矩阵。基于两种变换矩阵,构建五轴联动数控机床综合误差模型。同时,建立机床的误差非线性补偿模型,引入单位矩阵,通过最小二乘法实施待估计参数的非线性参数估计,实现机床加工误差补偿。实验结果表明:设计方法的加工误差可以控制在0.01 mm以内,通过消除非线性因素的影响实现了加工误差的大幅降低;在精加工阶段,其领先地位得到进一步巩固。
Due to the influence of many factors such as geometric error and thermal error of machine tool axis,there are often large errors in the actual machining process.In order to improve machining accuracy,a method of machining error compensation for five axis machine tool based on least square method was proposed.The transformation matrix from reference coordinate system to tool and from reference coordinate system to workpiece were constructed.Based on two kinds of transformation matrix,the synthetic error model of five axis CNC machine tool was constructed.At the same time,the nonlinear error compensation model of machine tool was established,the unit matrix was introduced,and the nonlinear parameter estimation of the parameters to be estimated was implemented by least square method to realize the machining error compensation of machine tool.The experimental results show that the machining error of the design method can be controlled within 0.01 mm,and the machining error can be greatly reduced by eliminating the influence of nonlinear factors.In the finishing stage,its leading position has been further consolidated.
作者
唐永忠
叶家福
卢健
王宽田
TANG Yongzhong;YE Jiafu;LU Jian;WANG Kuantian(Ocean Engineering College,Guilin University of Electronic Technology,Beihai Guangxi 536000,China;School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Guilin University of Electronic Technology,Guilin Guangxi 541004,China)
出处
《机床与液压》
北大核心
2024年第22期98-102,共5页
Machine Tool & Hydraulics
关键词
五轴联动数控机床
最小二乘法
加工误差补偿
变换矩阵
five axis linkage CNC machine tool
least squares method
processing error compensation
transformation matrix
