摘要
为了解新疆北部荒漠草原重要害鼠黄兔尾鼠Eolagurus luteus种群参数的季节性特点,于春(4月)、夏(6月)、秋(9月)、冬(1月)四季在乌苏市巴音沟牧场采集野外种群样本,比较其在不同季节间的种群参数及生理指标。结果表明:黄兔尾鼠的种群密度和性比存在明显的季节差异,夏季的有效洞口密度和有效洞口比率均显著高于秋季,分别为秋季的1.67倍和2.00倍,夏秋季性比偏向雌性,冬春季性比偏向雄性。黄兔尾鼠的生理状态亦呈现出明显的季节性特点,春季是其繁殖盛期,雌鼠的怀孕率和繁殖率在该时期最高,均为85.7%,而其余季节的怀孕率和繁殖率均在30.0%以下。同时成年雌雄鼠的肥满度、脾脏相对质量、肾上腺相对质量和繁殖器官相对质量在春季均达到最高,显著高于其余季节,代表其具有更好的营养状态以及更高的免疫力和应激水平。黄兔尾鼠在春季活跃的繁殖行为与其在该时期较好的生理状态一致,表明该鼠可周期性地调整生理与繁殖状态,以适应生境剧烈的季节变化,从而保证种群的延续。
To investigate the seasonal variations in population parameters of the yellow stepped vole Eo-lagurus luteus,a prominent pest inhabiting the desert grasslands of northern Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,field populations were sampled in spring(April),summer(June),autumn(September)and winter(January)from Bayingou Pasture in Wusu.Results revealed significant seasonal fluctuations in popula-tion density and sex ratio of the yellow stepped vole.The number and ratio of active holes were significantly higher in summer compared with autumn,showing increases of 1.67 and 2.00 times,respectively.Sex ratios favored females in summer and autumn,while favoring males in winter and spring.Seasonal variations in the physiological status of the yellow stepped vole were evident,with peak breeding activi-ty observed in spring.Female vole pregnancy and reproductive rates peaked during the spring at 85.7%,contrasting with rates below 30.0%in other seasons.Additionally,adult male and female voles exhibit-ed peak level of fatness,relative spleen weight,relative adrenal gland weight and relative reproductive organ weight in spring,significantly surpassing levels in other seasons,indicating enhanced nutrition,immunity,and stress levels.The yellow stepped vole’s boosted reproductive behavior in spring corre-sponds with their improved physiological status in spring,implying a seasonal adoption of their physio-logical and reproductive status to environmental alterations and maintaining population stability.
作者
应亚奇
王乐文
王大伟
阿帕尔·阿布都吾甫尔
努尔古丽·努尔旦
李璇
王晓彤
阿布都克尤木·卡德尔
宋英
李宁
刘晓辉
Ying Yaqi;Wang Lewen;Wang Dawei;Abuduwufuer Apar;Nuerdan Nuerguli;Li Xuan;Wang Xiaotong;Kader Abudukeyoumu;Song YingLi;NingLiu Xiaohui(Weed,Rodent and Rangeland Pest Monitoring and Management,Institute of Plant Protection,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China;Western Agricultural Research Center,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changji 831100,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,China;Center for Grassland Biological Disaster Prevention and Control of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Urumqi 830000,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,China;Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Oasis,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Institute of Plant Protection,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,China)
出处
《植物保护学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第5期1099-1107,共9页
Journal of Plant Protection
基金
国家自然科学基金(32090022)
新疆农业科学院自主培育专项(xjnkycxzx-2022003)
新疆维吾尔自治区“天池英才”引进计划。
关键词
黄兔尾鼠
种群参数
生理指标
季节差异
新疆
繁殖参数
yellow stepped vole
population parameter
physiological characteristic
seasonal difference
Xinjiang
reproductive parameter
