摘要
草原区风蚀坑的出现,加速了草地沙漠化进程,对草原生态系统平衡产生严重威胁。已有关于沙质草原风蚀坑的研究主要集中在现状风蚀坑的形态、规模及机制研究,缺乏区域尺度一个完整发育周期风蚀坑形态变化的研究。基于此,以锡林郭勒沙质草原区大河口镇风蚀坑为研究对象,以美国锁眼卫星数据和中国高分一号卫星数据为数据源,采用ENVI 5.6影像数据处理软件和ArcGIS 10.5数据提取分析软件提取1962—2023年共六期风蚀坑形态数据,并进行了区域尺度长时间序列风蚀坑形态变化分析。同时选取了锡林郭勒沙质草原发育典型的独立型和复合型风蚀坑,采用景观格局指数法和椭圆几何参数定量描述法,探讨了近60年风蚀坑的形态演变过程。研究发现,1962—2023年风蚀坑斑块面积变异系数、平均斑块形状指数和平均斑块分维数均显著增加,研究区该时间段有大型风蚀坑发育;风蚀坑总体发育规律为坑体向坑后边缘扩展,积沙体沿盛行风向延伸,形态从卵圆形到碟形再到槽形坑;该区发育典型的独立型和复合型风蚀坑面积及长短轴长度随时间推移呈现波动变化趋势,复合型风蚀坑A长轴和短轴长度分别增加722.78%和150.43%,演化过程经过裸地沙斑、活跃发展和固定消亡三个阶段,该类型风蚀坑在以上三个阶段均有重新活化的可能性。通过对锡林郭勒沙质草原风蚀坑形态演变的研究,其研究结果可以为草原风蚀坑治理和草地沙化防治、草地资源可持续利用提供理论依据和数据支持。
The emergence of blowouts in grassland areas has accelerated the process of desertification of grasslands and posed a serious threat to the balance of grassland ecosystems.The studies on blowouts in sandy grassland mainly focused on the morphology,scale and mechanism of the current blowouts,and there is a lack of studies focusing on the morphological changes of blowouts in a complete development cycle at the regional scale.Based on this,this study took the blowout in Dahekou Town,Xilingol sandy grassland area as the research object,and used the U.S.Keyhole satellite data and China′s Gaofen⁃1 satellite data as the data source.ENVI 5.6 image data processing software and ArcGIS 10.5 data extraction and analysis software were used to extract blowout morphology data for a total of six periods from 1962 to 2023,and regional scale long time series blowout morphology change analysis was carried out.At the same time,the stand⁃alone and composite blowouts,which are typical of the sandy grassland development in Xilingol,were selected,and the morphological evolution process of the blowouts in the past 60 years was explored by using the landscape pattern index method and the elliptical geometric parameter quantitative description method.It was found that the coefficient of variation of blowout patch area(AREA_CV),mean patch shape index(SHAPE_MN),and mean fractal dimension index(FRAC_MN)increased significantly from 1962—2023,and large blowouts developed in the study area during this time period.The general development pattern of blowouts was that the pit body extended to the back edge of the pit,the sand deposition body extended along the prevailing wind direction,and the morphology ranged from ovoid to saucer⁃shaped to trough⁃shaped pits.The area and length of the long and short axes of the typical stand⁃alone and composite blowouts developed in this area showed fluctuating trends over time,and the length of the long and short axes of the composite blowout A increased by 722.78%and 150.43%,respectively,and the e
作者
郭子玥
解云虎
高亮
姜洪涛
余婷
石慧东
海春兴
GUO Ziyue;XIE Yunhu;GAO Liang;JIANG Hongtao;YU Ting;SHI Huidong;HAI Chunxing(College of Geographical Science,Inner Mongolia Normal University,Hohhot 010000,China;College of Ecology and Environment,Baotou Teachers′College,Baotou 014030,China;Ningxia Water Resources and Hydropower Survey,Design and Research Institute Co.,LTD.Ordos City,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Branch,Ordos 017000,China;Dalate Banner Water Utilities Development Centre,Ordos 014399,China)
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第22期10401-10410,共10页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
内蒙古自治区重点研发和成果转化计划项目(2022YFDZ0027)
内蒙古自治区自然科学基金青年基金项目(2024QN04020)
国家自然科学基金地区项目(42361001)
包头师范学院高层次引进人才科研启动基金项目(BTTCRCQD2020-011)。
关键词
沙质草原
风蚀坑
形态演变
景观格局
sandy grassland
blowout
morphological evolution
landscape pattern
