摘要
近代化是中国和日本早期马克思主义传播和研究所面临的共同语境。近代日本社会主义是在国家-社会二元对立框架中作为国家主义的“反题”而出场的,代表从社会的一侧来反思和批判国家的问题意识和近代立场。作为科学社会主义的马克思主义也不例外。近代日本马克思主义的传播与研究主要根源于本国的近代化的需要以及对近代化的批判意识。近代日本知识分子直接翻译了马克思恩格斯的著作,并对中国早期的马克思主义传播和发展带来深远影响。尽管近代日本知识界扮演了马克思主义在中国早期传播的“中转站”和“转译器”,但不能因此推论出中国早期马克思主义的传播完全是对近代日本马克思主义的复写或“搬运”。中国早期马克思主义知识分子,如李大钊和陈独秀,在中国共产党成立前后就形成了关于马克思主义学说的独立的问题意识和系统见解。近代日本的.马克思主义具有强烈的民族和国家意识、鲜明的学术性的特点,与之相比,中国马克思主义的早期传播强调把马克思主义理解为在历史的实践中生成的思想体系。中国早期马克思主义者主张思想研究向经世致用过渡,因而注重通过马克思主义的宣传和教育由理论向实践的转化,尤其是强调发挥人民在历史中的首创性。
Modernization is the common context for the early propagation and research of Marxism both in China and Japan.Modern socialism in Japan came on the scene as the“antithesis”of statism in the frame of the binary opposition between state and society,representing the problem awareness and modern standpoint of reflecting and criticizing the state from the perspective of society.Marxism as scientific socialism is no exception.The propagation and research of Marxism in modern Japan is mainly rooted in the need of modernization and the critical consciousness to the modernization.Modern Japanese intellectuals directly translated the works of Marx and Engels.This led to a profound influence on the early propagation and development of Marxism in China.Although modern Japanese intelligentsia played the role of“transit station”and“translator”in the early dissemination of Marxism in China,we could not conclude that the early propagation of Marxism in China was entirely the copy or transfer of Marxism in modern Japan.The early Chinese Marxist intellectuals,such as Li Dazhao and Chen Duxiu,had formed the independent consciousness of issues and systematic understanding of Marxist theory before and after the founding of the Communist Party of China.Marxism in modern Japan had the characteristic of strong consciousness of nation and state,as well as the distinctive academic feature.By contrast,the early propagation of Marxism in China stressed Marxism as the thought system generated in the historical practice.Chinese early Marxists claimed that the study of thought should convert to statecraft and pragmatism,which resulted in emphasis on the transition from the theory to the practice by the propagandization and education of Marxism,especially attaching importance to the exertion of the initiative of the people in history.
作者
王俊博
WANG Junbo(School of Marxism,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China)
出处
《北京科技大学学报（社会科学版）》
2025年第1期101-110,共10页
Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing(Social Sciences Edition)
基金
教育部青年基金项目“马克思的能动性理论及其当代价值研究”(编号:23YJC710026)
中央高校基本科研业务费项目“新时代马克思主义理论学科高质量发展”(编号:FRF-BR-23-06B)。
关键词
近代化
马克思主义早期传播和研究
中国
日本
关联与差异
modernization
early propagation and study of Marxism
China
Japan
correlation and difference
