摘要
RLC电路是大学物理及电路分析等课程中的重要内容之一,更是电子仪器及通信设备中的基本单元。当RLC电路处于工作状态时,电容两端电压会出现超过电源电压的过充现象。然而,现有的教科书中对此现象缺少必要的原理阐释。实际上,过充现象蕴含了丰富的物理图像。本文在实验观测与分析暂态过程中各元件物理量依赖关系的基础上,从微观和宏观两个方面进行了定量研究,解释了过充现象是源于电感的存在影响了电流变化方式,当电容电压达到电源电压时,电流并未到零点,充电过程的继续导致了电容电压过充现象。本文结果有助于广大学生更深刻地理解RLC电路的暂态过程。
RLC circuit is an important part of college physics and circuit analysis,and it is also a basic unit of electronic instruments and communication equipment.When the RLC circuit is working,the voltage at both ends of the capacitor will be overcharged beyond the supply voltage.However,existing textbooks lack necessary theoretical explanations for this phenomenon.In fact,the phenomenon of overcharging contains rich physical images.On the basis of experimental observation and analysis of the physical quantity dependence of various components in the transient process,this article conducts quantitative research from both micro and macro perspectives,explaining that the overcharging phenomenon is caused by the presence of inductance,which affects the current change mode.When the capacitor voltage reaches the power supply voltage,the current does not reach zero,while the charging process continues,leading to the overcharging phenomenon of the capacitor voltage.The results of this paper are helpful for students to understand the transient process of RLC circuit more deeply.
作者
曲绎伯
刘伟
史庆藩
QU Yibo;LIU Wei;SHI Qingfan(Jinggong College,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 102401;School of Physics,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 102401)
出处
《物理与工程》
2024年第4期151-155,共5页
Physics and Engineering
关键词
RLC电路
电容电压
过充
欠阻尼
RLC circuit
Capacitor voltage
Overcharging
Underdamping
