摘要
随着我国工业化进程的不断推进,风电、光电等清洁能源装机容量越来越多,也促进了电化学储能的发展。钠离子电池稳定性强、低温性能好,关键材料钠元素储量丰富,不受国内锂资源匮乏的限制,成为我国电化学储能主要发展方向之一。硬炭凭借优异特性成为钠离子电池负极材料的最佳选择,具有极大的商业前景。介绍了硬炭的定义、微观结构以及其作为锂/钠离子电池负极材料的应用现状;逐项分析了生物质、有机高分子聚合物、石油基等原料制备硬炭负极材料的优缺点和制备研究过程。结果表明,硬炭作为锂/钠离子电池负极材料,凭借着来源广泛、电化学性能高等优势极具发展潜力。从未来发展、研究领域、产业化等方面考虑,硬炭市场需求量大,其发展符合国家产业政策要求,但是要实现硬炭产业化首先需要解决循环过程中的容量衰减以及首次库伦效率较低的问题。
With the continuous advancement of China's industrialization process,the installed capacity of clean energy such as wind power and photovoltaic power is increasing more and more,which has also promoted the development of electrochemical storage.Sodium-ion batteries have strong stability and good low-temperature performance.The key material,sodium element,has abundant reserves and is not limited by the lack of domestic lithium resources.It has become one of the main development directions of electrochemical energy storage in our country.Hard carbon has become the best choice for the negative electrode material of sodium-ion batteries with its excellent characteristics and has great commercial prospects.The definition and microstructure of hard carbon were introduced,and its application as negative electrode material for lithium/sodium ion batteries was described.It analyzes item by item the advantages and disadvantages and preparation research of preparing hard carbon negative electrode materials from raw materials such as biomass,organic polymer polymers,and petroleum-based.The results show that as the negative electrode material of lithium/sodium-ion batteries,hard carbon has great development potential with the advantages of wide sources and high electrochemical performance.Considering from aspects such as future development,research fields,and industrialization,the hard carbon has a large market demand,and its development meets the requirements of the national industrial policy,but to achieve the industrialization of hard carbon,it is necessary to solve the problems of capacity attenuation in the cycling process and the relatively low first coulomb efficiency first.
作者
孙秋阳
李秀春
张晋豪
解炜
陈伟
SUN Qiu-yang;LI Xiu-chun;ZHANG Jin-hao;XIE Wei;CHEN Wei(China Coal Huali Energy Holdings Co.,Ltd,Beijing 100013,China;China Coal Huali Xinjiang Carbon Technology Co.,Ltd,Hami,Xinjiang 839200,China)
出处
《煤炭加工与综合利用》
CAS
2024年第10期72-78,共7页
Coal Processing & Comprehensive Utilization
基金
中国中煤集团重点科研项目、千吨级煤基硬炭工业示范技术开发(20241CS012)。
关键词
硬炭
负极材料
钠离子电池
研究进展
发展趋势
hard carbon
negative electrode material
sodium-ion battery
research progress
development trend
