摘要
针对增材制造的随形水路压铸模具镶件热疲劳开裂漏水失效问题,采用自约束热疲劳试验对比研究了3种典型增材制造模具钢材料18Ni300、12Cr9Ni和1Cr13的抗热疲劳性能。结果表明:热疲劳裂纹容易在水路内壁凹陷等应力集中部位萌生,向垂直于热应力方向扩展。主裂纹和热疲劳损伤因子评价结果显示:1Cr13试样抗热疲劳性能最好,18Ni300试样次之,12Cr9Ni试样抗热疲劳性能最差。对比了3种材料的抗热疲劳性能和力学性能,发现二者之间没有直接的对应规律关系。试样在热循环过程中不断发生氧化腐蚀,这一现象加速了热疲劳裂纹的扩展,其中1Cr13试样生成的Cr2O3膜,能够起到延缓裂纹尖端扩展的作用。因此,Cr元素是影响材料中抗热疲劳性能的主要因素。该研究结果为增材制造压铸模具镶件工程化应用提供了重要的实验依据。
Aiming at the problem of thermal fatigue cracking and water leakage failure of conformal waterway die-casting mold inserts in additive manufacturing,a comparative study was conducted on the thermal fatigue resistance of three typical additive manufacturing die steel materials,18Ni300,12Cr9Ni,and 1Cr13,using self constrained thermal fatigue tests.The results show that thermal fatigue cracks are easy to initiate in stress concentration places such as depressions on the inner wall of the waterway,and propagate in the direction perpendicular to the thermal stress.The evaluation results of main cracks and thermal fatigue damage factors show that the thermal fatigue resistance of the 1Cr13 sample is the best,followed by the 18Ni300.12Cr9Ni has the worst thermal fatigue resistance.There is no direct correspondence between the thermal fatigue resistance and the mechanical properties of the three materials.On the contrary,the oxidation corrosion phenomenon is always accompanied and accelerates the thermal fatigue crack growth.The formation of Cr2O3 oxide film can delay the crack tip growth,and the Cr element in the material becomes the major influence factor of thermal fatigue.The research results provide important experimental basis for the engineering application of additive manufacturing die-casting mold inserts.
作者
汪佳
黄玉山
佟鑫
王小健
WANG Jia;HUANG Yushan;TONG Xin;WANG Xiaojian(Institute of Advanced Wear&Corrosion Resistant and Functional Materials,Jinan University,Guangzhou 510632,China;Guangzhou Shinengine AMTechnology Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510000,China;School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering,South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510632,China)
出处
《热加工工艺》
北大核心
2024年第20期42-50,共9页
Hot Working Technology
基金
广东省自然科学基金面上项目(2021A1515011666)。
关键词
压铸模具
随形水路
热疲劳
增材制造
激光粉末床熔融(L-PBF)
die casting dies
conformal cooling channels
thermal fatigue
additive manufacturing
laser powder bed fusion(L-PBF)
