摘要
粉煤灰产量逐年增加,造成资源浪费和环境健康隐患,且随着产业化结构的调整,粉煤灰的大量堆存带来一系列压力和挑战。目前,从粉煤灰中提取稀土元素,实现高附加值回收利用,已成为解决粉煤灰问题的重要方案。对粉煤灰中稀土元素的利用现状和现有提取方法进行综述,对现有技术流程进行了系统的总结和讨论,为粉煤灰中稀土元素的资源化利用提供参考借鉴。结果表明:传统粉煤灰回收稀土元素方法回收率高,但成本高且易产生二次污染;生物法等新技术能耗更低、环境友好,相比于传统方法更有前景,但技术不成熟,存在周期长、效率不高、难分离等问题。因此,未来发展方向应集中在传统方法的降本增效和新方法的工艺优化。研究结果将为粉煤灰资源利用相关企业、机构和研究工作者提供参考和借鉴,形成环保、经济、高效的粉煤灰回收策略,践行循环经济的减量化、再利用和资源化,助力我国矿业可持续发展。
The output of fly ash is increasing year by year,resulting in waste of resources and environmental health hazards.With the adjustment of the industrialization structure,the huge storage of fly ash has brought a series of pressures and challenges.At present,the extraction of rare earth elements from fly ash to achieve high value-added recycling has become an important solution to solve the problem of fly ash.In this paper,the utilization status and existing extraction methods of rare earth elements in fly ash are reviewed,and the existing technical processes are systematically summarized and discussed,to provide a reference for the resource utilization of rare earth elements in fly ash.In this paper,it is found that the traditional methods of recovering rare earth elements from fly ash have high recovery rates,but the cost and secondary pollution risk is high.New technologies such as biological methods have lower energy consumption and are environmentally friendly,which are more promising than traditional methods,but the technology is immature,and there are problems such as long cycles,low efficiency,and difficult separation of the products.Therefore,the future development direction should focus on the cost reduction and efficiency increase of traditional methods and the process optimization of new methods.This paper can provide reference for fly ash resource utilization,to form an environmentally friendly,economical,and efficient fly ash recovery strategy,practice the reduction,reuse and resource utilization of circular economy,and help the sustainable development of China’s mining industry.
作者
何杪
张震宇
陈流东
唐佳译
陈伊静
杨振东
HE Miao;ZHANG Zhenyu;CHEN Liudong;TANG Jiayi;CHEN Yijing;YANG Zhendong(School of Architecture and Civil Engineering,Chengdu University,Chengdu 610106,China;Sichuan Provincial Engineering Research Center of City Solid Waste Energy and Building Materials Conversion and Utilization Technology,Chengdu 610106,China)
出处
《环境工程》
CAS
CSCD
2024年第10期121-131,共11页
Environmental Engineering
基金
四川省自然科学基金(23NSFSC5891)
稀土资源利用国家重点实验室开放基金(RERU2022015)。
关键词
粉煤灰
稀土
生物浸出
A资源化利用
金属回收
coal fly ash
rare earth elements
bioleaching
resource utilization
metal recovery
