摘要
读写障碍对儿童的学习、发展和心理健康影响重大。汉语和汉字具有独特性与复杂性,目前针对汉语母语儿童读写障碍的评估方案存在较大需求。文章在儿童读写障碍的临床特征、认知神经基础和现有评估诊断方案的基础上,引介团队最新研发的一套融合行为学量表和神经探测方法,适用于汉语学龄儿童的多模态评估方案。其中,《学龄儿童读写能力发展测试量表》主要用于初步筛查疑似障碍儿童。文章介绍了其编制情况、量表内容和施测方式,并基于六千余名学龄儿童的实测数据,验证其信效度、障碍阈值及障碍评估有效性。为进一步明确障碍程度,团队还研发了基于多种神经探测技术的读写障碍精准评估方法,遵照读写进程的层级性特征,设置字形视觉加工、词汇语义加工、句篇理解、书写四项测试内容。这套方案可以在医院门诊、中小学、语言服务机构等较为便利地实施,也可用于儿童读写能力发展水平的大规模普查。
Dyslexia has a significant impact on children's learning,development and mental health.Chinese and Chinese characters are unique and complex,so there is still a large gap in the assessment methods of Chinese dyslexia.On the basis of introducing the clinical features,cognitive neural basis and existing assessment and diagnosis schemes of dyslexia in children,this paper develops a multimodal assessment method that integrates behavioral scale and neural detection and is suitable for Chinese school-age children.The Literacy Development Test Scale for School-age Children is mainly used for preliminary screening of children with suspected disorders.This paper introduces its preparation,content and method of measurement,and verifies the reliability and validity,disorder threshold and validity of disorder assessment based on the measured data.In order to further clarify the obstacles,we also developed a set of accurate assessment of dyslexia based on a variety of neural detection technologies.According to the hierarchical characteristics of the reading and writing process,four test contents were set,including visual processing of font,lexical semantic processing,sentence comprehension,and writing.This set of methods will be helpful for the detection and accurate clinical assessment of dyslexia in Chinese school-age children,and can also be used to test the development level of children's Chinese reading and writing ability.
作者
杨靖雯
李毅
黄楚芬
陆烁
YANG Jingwen;LI Yi;HUANG Chufen;LU Shuo
出处
《语言文字应用》
CSSCI
北大核心
2024年第3期93-118,共26页
Applied Linguistics
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目(22&ZD299)
国家社科基金后期资助项目(YYB023)
深圳大学人文社会科学高层次团队项目领军学者创新团队项目(24LJXZ02)
深圳大学2035卓越研究计划青年项目(ZYQN2314)的资助。
关键词
读写障碍
儿童读写能力
读写测试量表
多模态评估
dyslexia
children's literacy
literacy assessment scale
multimodal evaluation
