摘要
“老妈上京”是晚清民国流行于北京一带的俗文学题材,通常按照“老妈上京”“老妈做活”“老妈还家”“老妈开嗙”四个节点的顺序发展。“老妈上京”题材流传过程中“老妈”形象发生过两次转变:一是“老妈开嗙”节点的创编,老妈由普通女佣转变为爱夸耀的、爱慕虚荣的老妈;一是《枪毙小老妈》剧目的出现,老妈直接演变为“淫妇”。总体看来,老妈形象的第一次转变成功让“老妈上京”题材得到进一步流传;而《枪毙小老妈》的改编则坐实了老妈的“淫妇”形象,并因内容淫秽遭到封禁,最终脱离舞台表演。受此影响,其他艺术形式的“老妈上京”题材的舞台演出也基本终结。“老妈上京”题材属于俗文学题材之一,这一题材的演出历史显示情节节点对题材内容的演变具有一定限制性,在原有节点基础上合理地增加节点有助于题材的发展,但完全偏离节点的创编也可能给整个题材带来毁灭性的打击。
"Lao Ma goes to Beijing"is a literary theme popular in the Beijing area during the late Qing Dynasty and Republican China period.This theme unfolds in the sequence of four nodes:"Lao Ma goes to Beijing","Lao Ma does housework","Lao Ma returns home",and"Lao Ma brags".It is discovered that the image of"Lao Ma"underwent two transformations during the dissemination of this theme.Firstly,with the creation of the"Lao Ma brags"node,she transforms from an ordinary maid into a boastful and vain figure.Secondly,with the emergence of the play"Shoot Little Lao Ma",Lao Ma directly evolved into the image of an"adulteress".Generally speaking,the first transformation of Lao Ma's image is successful,facilitating the further spread of the theme.However,the adaptation of the play"Shoot Little Lao Ma"concretized Lao Ma's image as an"adulteress".Due to its obscene content,the play was banned,leading to its disappearence from the stage.And what was worse,stage performances of"Lao Ma goes to Beijing"themed texts in other art forms were also substantially brought to an end."Lao Ma goes to Beijing"is one among many popular literary themes.The stage performance history of this theme reveals that plot nodes impose certain limitations on the evolution of theme content,that while reasonably adding nodes on the basis of the original ones is beneficial for the development of the theme,creations that completely deviate from the nodes may also deal a devastating blow to the entire theme.
作者
杨镕
YANG Rong(Department of Chinese Language and Literature,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou,510275)
出处
《常熟理工学院学报》
2024年第6期1-7,16,共8页
Journal of Changshu Institute of Technology
基金
国家社会科学基金艺术学项目“晚清至民国时期京津沪报刊曲艺资料整理研究”(21BB029)。
关键词
老妈上京
题材演变
跨文本考察
Lao Ma goes to Beijing
the evolution of themes
cross-textuality
